Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.

The interaction between a consumer (such as, a predator or a parasitoid) and a resource (such as, a prey or a host) forms an integral motif in ecological food webs, and has been modeled since the early 20th century starting from the seminal work of Lotka and Volterra. While the Lotka-Volterra predat...

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Autor principal:	Abhyudai Singh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/94a7a257446648ed9ba4cd57ab9e5b39
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:94a7a257446648ed9ba4cd57ab9e5b392021-12-02T20:18:17ZStochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255880https://doaj.org/article/94a7a257446648ed9ba4cd57ab9e5b392021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255880https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The interaction between a consumer (such as, a predator or a parasitoid) and a resource (such as, a prey or a host) forms an integral motif in ecological food webs, and has been modeled since the early 20th century starting from the seminal work of Lotka and Volterra. While the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model predicts a neutrally stable equilibrium with oscillating population densities, a density-dependent predator attack rate is known to stabilize the equilibrium. Here, we consider a stochastic formulation of the Lotka-Volterra model where the prey's reproduction rate is a random process, and the predator's attack rate depends on both the prey and predator population densities. Analysis shows that increasing the sensitivity of the attack rate to the prey density attenuates the magnitude of stochastic fluctuations in the population densities. In contrast, these fluctuations vary non-monotonically with the sensitivity of the attack rate to the predator density with an optimal level of sensitivity minimizing the magnitude of fluctuations. Interestingly, our systematic study of the predator-prey correlations reveals distinct signatures depending on the form of the density-dependent attack rate. In summary, stochastic dynamics of nonlinear Lotka-Volterra models can be harnessed to infer density-dependent mechanisms regulating predator-prey interactions. Moreover, these mechanisms can have contrasting consequences on population density fluctuations, with predator-dependent attack rates amplifying stochasticity, while prey-dependent attack rates countering to buffer fluctuations.Abhyudai SinghPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255880 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Abhyudai Singh Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
description	The interaction between a consumer (such as, a predator or a parasitoid) and a resource (such as, a prey or a host) forms an integral motif in ecological food webs, and has been modeled since the early 20th century starting from the seminal work of Lotka and Volterra. While the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model predicts a neutrally stable equilibrium with oscillating population densities, a density-dependent predator attack rate is known to stabilize the equilibrium. Here, we consider a stochastic formulation of the Lotka-Volterra model where the prey's reproduction rate is a random process, and the predator's attack rate depends on both the prey and predator population densities. Analysis shows that increasing the sensitivity of the attack rate to the prey density attenuates the magnitude of stochastic fluctuations in the population densities. In contrast, these fluctuations vary non-monotonically with the sensitivity of the attack rate to the predator density with an optimal level of sensitivity minimizing the magnitude of fluctuations. Interestingly, our systematic study of the predator-prey correlations reveals distinct signatures depending on the form of the density-dependent attack rate. In summary, stochastic dynamics of nonlinear Lotka-Volterra models can be harnessed to infer density-dependent mechanisms regulating predator-prey interactions. Moreover, these mechanisms can have contrasting consequences on population density fluctuations, with predator-dependent attack rates amplifying stochasticity, while prey-dependent attack rates countering to buffer fluctuations.
format	article
author	Abhyudai Singh
author_facet	Abhyudai Singh
author_sort	Abhyudai Singh
title	Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
title_short	Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
title_full	Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
title_fullStr	Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
title_full_unstemmed	Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
title_sort	stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/94a7a257446648ed9ba4cd57ab9e5b39
work_keys_str_mv	AT abhyudaisingh stochasticdynamicsofpredatorpreyinteractions
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Stochastic dynamics of predator-prey interactions.

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