Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.

Natural scrapie transmission from infected ewes to their lambs is thought to occur by the oral route around the time of birth. However the hypothesis that scrapie transmission can also occur before birth (in utero) is not currently favoured by most researchers. As scrapie is an opportunistic infecti...

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Autores principales:	James D Foster, Wilfred Goldmann, Nora Hunter
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/94c44fb501f647a78a01dc6bb9a4c090
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:94c44fb501f647a78a01dc6bb9a4c0902021-11-18T08:45:53ZEvidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0079433https://doaj.org/article/94c44fb501f647a78a01dc6bb9a4c0902013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24260219/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Natural scrapie transmission from infected ewes to their lambs is thought to occur by the oral route around the time of birth. However the hypothesis that scrapie transmission can also occur before birth (in utero) is not currently favoured by most researchers. As scrapie is an opportunistic infection with multiple infection routes likely to be functional in sheep, definitive evidence for or against transmission from ewe to her developing fetus has been difficult to achieve. In addition the very early literature on maternal transmission of scrapie in sheep was compromised by lack of knowledge of the role of the PRNP (prion protein) gene in control of susceptibility to scrapie. In this study we experimentally infected pregnant ewes of known PRNP genotype with a distinctive scrapie strain (SSBP/1) and looked for evidence of transmission of SSBP/1 to the offspring. The sheep were from the NPU Cheviot flock, which has endemic natural scrapie from which SSBP/1 can be differentiated on the basis of histology, genetics of disease incidence and strain typing bioassay in mice. We used embryo transfer techniques to allow sheep fetuses of scrapie-susceptible PRNP genotypes to develop in a range of scrapie-resistant and susceptible recipient mothers and challenged the recipients with SSBP/1. Scrapie clinical disease, caused by both natural scrapie and SSBP/1, occurred in the progeny but evidence (including mouse strain typing) of SSBP/1 infection was found only in lambs born to fully susceptible recipient mothers. Progeny were not protected from transmission of natural scrapie or SSBP/1 by washing of embryos to International Embryo Transfer Society standards or by caesarean derivation and complete separation from their birth mothers. Our results strongly suggest that pre-natal (in utero) transmission of scrapie may have occurred in these sheep.James D FosterWilfred GoldmannNora HunterPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 11, p e79433 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q James D Foster Wilfred Goldmann Nora Hunter Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
description	Natural scrapie transmission from infected ewes to their lambs is thought to occur by the oral route around the time of birth. However the hypothesis that scrapie transmission can also occur before birth (in utero) is not currently favoured by most researchers. As scrapie is an opportunistic infection with multiple infection routes likely to be functional in sheep, definitive evidence for or against transmission from ewe to her developing fetus has been difficult to achieve. In addition the very early literature on maternal transmission of scrapie in sheep was compromised by lack of knowledge of the role of the PRNP (prion protein) gene in control of susceptibility to scrapie. In this study we experimentally infected pregnant ewes of known PRNP genotype with a distinctive scrapie strain (SSBP/1) and looked for evidence of transmission of SSBP/1 to the offspring. The sheep were from the NPU Cheviot flock, which has endemic natural scrapie from which SSBP/1 can be differentiated on the basis of histology, genetics of disease incidence and strain typing bioassay in mice. We used embryo transfer techniques to allow sheep fetuses of scrapie-susceptible PRNP genotypes to develop in a range of scrapie-resistant and susceptible recipient mothers and challenged the recipients with SSBP/1. Scrapie clinical disease, caused by both natural scrapie and SSBP/1, occurred in the progeny but evidence (including mouse strain typing) of SSBP/1 infection was found only in lambs born to fully susceptible recipient mothers. Progeny were not protected from transmission of natural scrapie or SSBP/1 by washing of embryos to International Embryo Transfer Society standards or by caesarean derivation and complete separation from their birth mothers. Our results strongly suggest that pre-natal (in utero) transmission of scrapie may have occurred in these sheep.
format	article
author	James D Foster Wilfred Goldmann Nora Hunter
author_facet	James D Foster Wilfred Goldmann Nora Hunter
author_sort	James D Foster
title	Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
title_short	Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
title_full	Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
title_fullStr	Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
title_sort	evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/94c44fb501f647a78a01dc6bb9a4c090
work_keys_str_mv	AT jamesdfoster evidenceinsheepforprenataltransmissionofscrapietolambsfrominfectedmothers AT wilfredgoldmann evidenceinsheepforprenataltransmissionofscrapietolambsfrominfectedmothers AT norahunter evidenceinsheepforprenataltransmissionofscrapietolambsfrominfectedmothers
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Evidence in sheep for pre-natal transmission of scrapie to lambs from infected mothers.

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