Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurological disorder whose outcomes vary widely depending on a variety of environmental factors, including diet. Using a Drosophila melanogaster TBI model that reproduces key aspects of TBI in humans, we previously found that the diet consumed immediately fo...

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Autores principales:	Joseph Blommer, Megan C. Fischer, Athena R. Olszewski, Rebeccah J. Katzenberger, Barry Ganetzky, David A. Wassarman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/94dfe11a618c423190c885356ace0f4f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:94dfe11a618c423190c885356ace0f4f2021-11-04T06:19:44ZKetogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/94dfe11a618c423190c885356ace0f4f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8547619/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurological disorder whose outcomes vary widely depending on a variety of environmental factors, including diet. Using a Drosophila melanogaster TBI model that reproduces key aspects of TBI in humans, we previously found that the diet consumed immediately following a primary brain injury has a substantial effect on the incidence of mortality within 24 h (early mortality). Flies that receive equivalent primary injuries have a higher incidence of early mortality when fed high-carbohydrate diets versus water. Here, we report that flies fed high-fat ketogenic diet (KD) following TBI exhibited early mortality that was equivalent to that of flies fed water and that flies protected from early mortality by KD continued to show survival benefits weeks later. KD also has beneficial effects in mammalian TBI models, indicating that the mechanism of action of KD is evolutionarily conserved. To probe the mechanism, we examined the effect of KD in flies mutant for Eip75B, an ortholog of the transcription factor PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) that contributes to the mechanism of action of KD and has neuroprotective effects in mammalian TBI models. We found that the incidence of early mortality of Eip75B mutant flies was higher when they were fed KD than when they were fed water following TBI. These data indicate that Eip75B/PPARγ is necessary for the beneficial effects of KD following TBI. In summary, this work provides the first evidence that KD activates PPARγ to reduce deleterious outcomes of TBI and it demonstrates the utility of the fly TBI model for dissecting molecular pathways that contribute to heterogeneity in TBI outcomes.Joseph BlommerMegan C. FischerAthena R. OlszewskiRebeccah J. KatzenbergerBarry GanetzkyDavid A. WassarmanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joseph Blommer Megan C. Fischer Athena R. Olszewski Rebeccah J. Katzenberger Barry Ganetzky David A. Wassarman Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
description	Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurological disorder whose outcomes vary widely depending on a variety of environmental factors, including diet. Using a Drosophila melanogaster TBI model that reproduces key aspects of TBI in humans, we previously found that the diet consumed immediately following a primary brain injury has a substantial effect on the incidence of mortality within 24 h (early mortality). Flies that receive equivalent primary injuries have a higher incidence of early mortality when fed high-carbohydrate diets versus water. Here, we report that flies fed high-fat ketogenic diet (KD) following TBI exhibited early mortality that was equivalent to that of flies fed water and that flies protected from early mortality by KD continued to show survival benefits weeks later. KD also has beneficial effects in mammalian TBI models, indicating that the mechanism of action of KD is evolutionarily conserved. To probe the mechanism, we examined the effect of KD in flies mutant for Eip75B, an ortholog of the transcription factor PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) that contributes to the mechanism of action of KD and has neuroprotective effects in mammalian TBI models. We found that the incidence of early mortality of Eip75B mutant flies was higher when they were fed KD than when they were fed water following TBI. These data indicate that Eip75B/PPARγ is necessary for the beneficial effects of KD following TBI. In summary, this work provides the first evidence that KD activates PPARγ to reduce deleterious outcomes of TBI and it demonstrates the utility of the fly TBI model for dissecting molecular pathways that contribute to heterogeneity in TBI outcomes.
format	article
author	Joseph Blommer Megan C. Fischer Athena R. Olszewski Rebeccah J. Katzenberger Barry Ganetzky David A. Wassarman
author_facet	Joseph Blommer Megan C. Fischer Athena R. Olszewski Rebeccah J. Katzenberger Barry Ganetzky David A. Wassarman
author_sort	Joseph Blommer
title	Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
title_short	Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
title_full	Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
title_fullStr	Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
title_full_unstemmed	Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B
title_sort	ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in drosophila via the pparγ ortholog eip75b
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/94dfe11a618c423190c885356ace0f4f
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Ketogenic diet reduces early mortality following traumatic brain injury in Drosophila via the PPARγ ortholog Eip75B

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