Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.

The cellular arm of the insect immune response is mediated by the activity of hemocytes. While hemocytes have been well-characterized morphologically and functionally in model insects, few studies have characterized the hemocytes of non-model insects. Further, the role of ontogeny in mediating immun...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Teresa M Stoepler, Julio C Castillo, John T Lill, Ioannis Eleftherianos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/94f3f8f542f1452cb7d01dfe5f3c4275
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:94f3f8f542f1452cb7d01dfe5f3c4275
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:94f3f8f542f1452cb7d01dfe5f3c42752021-11-18T09:00:57ZHemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0070978https://doaj.org/article/94f3f8f542f1452cb7d01dfe5f3c42752013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23940679/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The cellular arm of the insect immune response is mediated by the activity of hemocytes. While hemocytes have been well-characterized morphologically and functionally in model insects, few studies have characterized the hemocytes of non-model insects. Further, the role of ontogeny in mediating immune response is not well understood in non-model invertebrate systems. The goals of the current study were to (1) determine the effects of caterpillar size (and age) on hemocyte density in naïve caterpillars and caterpillars challenged with non-pathogenic bacteria, and (2) characterize the hemocyte activity and diversity of cell types present in two forest caterpillars: Euclea delphinii and Lithacodes fasciola (Limacodidae). We found that although early and late instar (small and large size, respectively) naïve caterpillars had similar constitutive hemocyte densities in both species, late instar Lithacodes caterpillars injected with non-pathogenic E. coli produced more than a twofold greater density of hemocytes than those in early instars. We also found that both caterpillar species contained plasmatocytes, granulocytes and oenocytoids, all of which are found in other lepidopteran species, but lacked spherulocytes. Granulocytes and plasmatocytes were found to be strongly phagocytic in both species, but granulocytes exhibited a higher phagocytic activity than plasmatocytes. Our results strongly suggest that for at least one measure of immunological response, the production of hemocytes in response to infection, response magnitudes can increase over ontogeny. While the underlying raison d' être for this improvement remains unclear, these findings may be useful in explaining natural patterns of stage-dependent parasitism and pathogen infection.Teresa M StoeplerJulio C CastilloJohn T LillIoannis EleftherianosPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e70978 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Teresa M Stoepler Julio C Castillo John T Lill Ioannis Eleftherianos Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
description	The cellular arm of the insect immune response is mediated by the activity of hemocytes. While hemocytes have been well-characterized morphologically and functionally in model insects, few studies have characterized the hemocytes of non-model insects. Further, the role of ontogeny in mediating immune response is not well understood in non-model invertebrate systems. The goals of the current study were to (1) determine the effects of caterpillar size (and age) on hemocyte density in naïve caterpillars and caterpillars challenged with non-pathogenic bacteria, and (2) characterize the hemocyte activity and diversity of cell types present in two forest caterpillars: Euclea delphinii and Lithacodes fasciola (Limacodidae). We found that although early and late instar (small and large size, respectively) naïve caterpillars had similar constitutive hemocyte densities in both species, late instar Lithacodes caterpillars injected with non-pathogenic E. coli produced more than a twofold greater density of hemocytes than those in early instars. We also found that both caterpillar species contained plasmatocytes, granulocytes and oenocytoids, all of which are found in other lepidopteran species, but lacked spherulocytes. Granulocytes and plasmatocytes were found to be strongly phagocytic in both species, but granulocytes exhibited a higher phagocytic activity than plasmatocytes. Our results strongly suggest that for at least one measure of immunological response, the production of hemocytes in response to infection, response magnitudes can increase over ontogeny. While the underlying raison d' être for this improvement remains unclear, these findings may be useful in explaining natural patterns of stage-dependent parasitism and pathogen infection.
format	article
author	Teresa M Stoepler Julio C Castillo John T Lill Ioannis Eleftherianos
author_facet	Teresa M Stoepler Julio C Castillo John T Lill Ioannis Eleftherianos
author_sort	Teresa M Stoepler
title	Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
title_short	Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
title_full	Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
title_fullStr	Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
title_full_unstemmed	Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
title_sort	hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/94f3f8f542f1452cb7d01dfe5f3c4275
work_keys_str_mv	AT teresamstoepler hemocytedensityincreaseswithdevelopmentalstageinanimmunechallengedforestcaterpillar AT julioccastillo hemocytedensityincreaseswithdevelopmentalstageinanimmunechallengedforestcaterpillar AT johntlill hemocytedensityincreaseswithdevelopmentalstageinanimmunechallengedforestcaterpillar AT ioanniseleftherianos hemocytedensityincreaseswithdevelopmentalstageinanimmunechallengedforestcaterpillar
_version_	1718421036307841024

Hemocyte density increases with developmental stage in an immune-challenged forest caterpillar.

Ejemplares similares