Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nebiyu Dereje,1 Kalkidan Moges,2 Yemisrach Nigatu,1 Roger Holland2 1Department of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medicine, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Nebiyu DerejeDepartment of Public Health, Myungsung Medical Coll...

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Autores principales:	Dereje N, Moges K, Nigatu Y, Holland R
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	Opportunistic Infections Pre-ART On-ART HIV PLWHIV WHO staging Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/95116c456ea242b9b137a2691f3fe99f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:95116c456ea242b9b137a2691f3fe99f2021-12-02T03:31:18ZPrevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/95116c456ea242b9b137a2691f3fe99f2019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-and-predictors-of-opportunistic-infections-among-hiv-positi-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Nebiyu Dereje,1 Kalkidan Moges,2 Yemisrach Nigatu,1 Roger Holland2 1Department of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medicine, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Nebiyu DerejeDepartment of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, P.O. Box 14972, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaTel +251978788638Email neba.jahovy@gmail.comPurpose: Data comparing the burden of the opportunistic infections among the Pre-ART and On-ART HIV-infected patients in Ethiopia are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the prevalence and predictors of opportunistic infections in Pre-ART and On-ART HIV-infected patients.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients infected with HIV and who were on Pre-ART or On-ART and followed up from 2012 to 2016 in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa. Those patients who were infected with HIV, but not eligible for ART were categorized under Pre-ART follow-up (n=192) and those patients who started taking ART were categorized under the On-ART follow-up group (n=192). Patients were included in the study by using simple random sampling technique from the list of the patients registered in the ART follow-up database. The presence of opportunistic infections along with clinical findings and baseline laboratory data was extracted from the ART follow-up database and the medical records of the patients using a standardized checklist. Factors associated with the development of opportunistic infections were analyzed using multi-variable binary logistic regression analysis.Results: The overall prevalence of opportunistic infections was found to be 33.6% (95% CI; 28.9–38.5). The prevalence of opportunistic infections among the Pre-ART group (38%) was higher than On-ART group (29.2%) (P-value = 0.04). Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection observed in both Pre-ART and On-ART groups. Being in the WHO clinical Stage III (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.1–3.9) or Stage IV (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.7–7.7) were independent predictors for the development of opportunistic infections.Conclusion: The prevalence of opportunistic infections among the HIV-infected patients who were in Pre-ART was higher than On-ART group. This finding reinforces the need for early initiation of ART for HIV-infected patients irrespective of their CD4 counts.Keywords: opportunistic infections, Pre-ART, On-ART, HIV, PLWHIV, WHO stagingDereje NMoges KNigatu YHolland RDove Medical PressarticleOpportunistic InfectionsPre-ARTOn-ARTHIVPLWHIVWHO stagingImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 11, Pp 229-237 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Opportunistic Infections Pre-ART On-ART HIV PLWHIV WHO staging Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Opportunistic Infections Pre-ART On-ART HIV PLWHIV WHO staging Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Dereje N Moges K Nigatu Y Holland R Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
description	Nebiyu Dereje,1 Kalkidan Moges,2 Yemisrach Nigatu,1 Roger Holland2 1Department of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medicine, Myungsung Medical College, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Nebiyu DerejeDepartment of Public Health, Myungsung Medical College, P.O. Box 14972, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaTel +251978788638Email neba.jahovy@gmail.comPurpose: Data comparing the burden of the opportunistic infections among the Pre-ART and On-ART HIV-infected patients in Ethiopia are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the prevalence and predictors of opportunistic infections in Pre-ART and On-ART HIV-infected patients.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients infected with HIV and who were on Pre-ART or On-ART and followed up from 2012 to 2016 in Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa. Those patients who were infected with HIV, but not eligible for ART were categorized under Pre-ART follow-up (n=192) and those patients who started taking ART were categorized under the On-ART follow-up group (n=192). Patients were included in the study by using simple random sampling technique from the list of the patients registered in the ART follow-up database. The presence of opportunistic infections along with clinical findings and baseline laboratory data was extracted from the ART follow-up database and the medical records of the patients using a standardized checklist. Factors associated with the development of opportunistic infections were analyzed using multi-variable binary logistic regression analysis.Results: The overall prevalence of opportunistic infections was found to be 33.6% (95% CI; 28.9–38.5). The prevalence of opportunistic infections among the Pre-ART group (38%) was higher than On-ART group (29.2%) (P-value = 0.04). Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection observed in both Pre-ART and On-ART groups. Being in the WHO clinical Stage III (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.1–3.9) or Stage IV (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.7–7.7) were independent predictors for the development of opportunistic infections.Conclusion: The prevalence of opportunistic infections among the HIV-infected patients who were in Pre-ART was higher than On-ART group. This finding reinforces the need for early initiation of ART for HIV-infected patients irrespective of their CD4 counts.Keywords: opportunistic infections, Pre-ART, On-ART, HIV, PLWHIV, WHO staging
format	article
author	Dereje N Moges K Nigatu Y Holland R
author_facet	Dereje N Moges K Nigatu Y Holland R
author_sort	Dereje N
title	Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
title_short	Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
title_full	Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr	Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort	prevalence and predictors of opportunistic infections among hiv positive adults on antiretroviral therapy (on-art) versus pre-art in addis ababa, ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/95116c456ea242b9b137a2691f3fe99f
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Prevalence And Predictors Of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV Positive Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy (On-ART) Versus Pre-ART In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

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