Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan

Wakaho Hayashi,1,2 Hirohisa Suzuki,3 Nobuyuki Saga,1,2 Gosuke Arai,1,2 Reiko Igarashi,1,2 Takahiro Tokumasu,3 Haruhisa Ota,1,2 Hiroki Yamada,1,2 Osamu Takashio,1,2 Akira Iwanami1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; 2Department of Psyc...

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Autores principales:	Hayashi W, Suzuki H, Saga N, Arai G, Igarashi R, Tokumasu T, Ota H, Yamada H, Takashio O, Iwanami A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	adhd adults gender difference japan Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/951ee174469a4c628ffe460753b58fba
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:951ee174469a4c628ffe460753b58fba2021-12-02T11:28:57ZClinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/951ee174469a4c628ffe460753b58fba2019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/clinical-characteristics-of-women-with-adhd-in-japan-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Wakaho Hayashi,1,2 Hirohisa Suzuki,3 Nobuyuki Saga,1,2 Gosuke Arai,1,2 Reiko Igarashi,1,2 Takahiro Tokumasu,3 Haruhisa Ota,1,2 Hiroki Yamada,1,2 Osamu Takashio,1,2 Akira Iwanami1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; 3Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 224-8503, JapanCorrespondence: Wakaho HayashiDepartment of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, JapanTel +81-3-3300-5231Fax +81-3-3308-9710Email wakaho15@gmail.comPurpose: Although gender differences have been reported in various aspects of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as prevalence, comorbidities, and social functioning, there have been few such studies conducted in Japan. Our research investigated gender differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adults with ADHD in a Japanese clinical sample. Due to unique Japanese cultural ideals and expectations of women’s behavior that are in opposition to ADHD symptoms, we hypothesized that women with ADHD experience more difficulties and present more dysfunctions than men. We tested the following hypotheses: first, women with ADHD have more comorbidities than men with ADHD; second, women with ADHD experience more social hardships than men, such as having less full-time employment and being more likely to be divorced.Patients and methods: The subjects were 335 outpatients with a DSM-5 ADHD diagnosis, who visited our ADHD specialty clinic at Showa University Karasuyama Hospital in central Tokyo between April 2015 and March 2016. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, and gender differences were compared.Results: Results fully supported our hypotheses: women had a significantly higher psychiatric comorbidity rate, were significantly less likely to be a full-time employee, and were significantly more likely to be divorced than men with ADHD.Conclusion: Consistent with research in other countries, women with ADHD have greater impairments than men with ADHD in Japan. The importance of understanding gender differences of ADHD-diagnosed adults within a sociocultural context is highlighted.Keywords: ADHD, adults, gender difference, JapanHayashi WSuzuki HSaga NArai GIgarashi RTokumasu TOta HYamada HTakashio OIwanami ADove Medical Pressarticleadhdadultsgender differencejapanNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 15, Pp 3367-3374 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adhd adults gender difference japan Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	adhd adults gender difference japan Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Hayashi W Suzuki H Saga N Arai G Igarashi R Tokumasu T Ota H Yamada H Takashio O Iwanami A Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
description	Wakaho Hayashi,1,2 Hirohisa Suzuki,3 Nobuyuki Saga,1,2 Gosuke Arai,1,2 Reiko Igarashi,1,2 Takahiro Tokumasu,3 Haruhisa Ota,1,2 Hiroki Yamada,1,2 Osamu Takashio,1,2 Akira Iwanami1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; 3Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 224-8503, JapanCorrespondence: Wakaho HayashiDepartment of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8577, JapanTel +81-3-3300-5231Fax +81-3-3308-9710Email wakaho15@gmail.comPurpose: Although gender differences have been reported in various aspects of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as prevalence, comorbidities, and social functioning, there have been few such studies conducted in Japan. Our research investigated gender differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adults with ADHD in a Japanese clinical sample. Due to unique Japanese cultural ideals and expectations of women’s behavior that are in opposition to ADHD symptoms, we hypothesized that women with ADHD experience more difficulties and present more dysfunctions than men. We tested the following hypotheses: first, women with ADHD have more comorbidities than men with ADHD; second, women with ADHD experience more social hardships than men, such as having less full-time employment and being more likely to be divorced.Patients and methods: The subjects were 335 outpatients with a DSM-5 ADHD diagnosis, who visited our ADHD specialty clinic at Showa University Karasuyama Hospital in central Tokyo between April 2015 and March 2016. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, and gender differences were compared.Results: Results fully supported our hypotheses: women had a significantly higher psychiatric comorbidity rate, were significantly less likely to be a full-time employee, and were significantly more likely to be divorced than men with ADHD.Conclusion: Consistent with research in other countries, women with ADHD have greater impairments than men with ADHD in Japan. The importance of understanding gender differences of ADHD-diagnosed adults within a sociocultural context is highlighted.Keywords: ADHD, adults, gender difference, Japan
format	article
author	Hayashi W Suzuki H Saga N Arai G Igarashi R Tokumasu T Ota H Yamada H Takashio O Iwanami A
author_facet	Hayashi W Suzuki H Saga N Arai G Igarashi R Tokumasu T Ota H Yamada H Takashio O Iwanami A
author_sort	Hayashi W
title	Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
title_short	Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
title_full	Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
title_fullStr	Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan
title_sort	clinical characteristics of women with adhd in japan
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/951ee174469a4c628ffe460753b58fba
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Clinical Characteristics of Women with ADHD in Japan

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