Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.

Most of the morphological features recognized in hominin teeth, particularly the topography of the occlusal surface, are generally interpreted as an evolutionary functional adaptation for mechanical food processing. In this respect, we can also expect that the general architecture of a tooth reflect...

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Autores principales:	Stefano Benazzi, Huynh Nhu Nguyen, Ottmar Kullmer, Jean-Jacques Hublin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/954217925b024e42a749c79ee33b13c3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:954217925b024e42a749c79ee33b13c32021-11-18T09:03:31ZUnravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0069990https://doaj.org/article/954217925b024e42a749c79ee33b13c32013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23894570/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Most of the morphological features recognized in hominin teeth, particularly the topography of the occlusal surface, are generally interpreted as an evolutionary functional adaptation for mechanical food processing. In this respect, we can also expect that the general architecture of a tooth reflects a response to withstand the high stresses produced during masticatory loadings. Here we use an engineering approach, finite element analysis (FEA), with an advanced loading concept derived from individual occlusal wear information to evaluate whether some dental traits usually found in hominin and extant great ape molars, such as the trigonid crest, the entoconid-hypoconulid crest and the protostylid have important biomechanical implications. For this purpose, FEA was applied to 3D digital models of three Gorillagorilla lower second molars (M2) differing in wear stages. Our results show that in unworn and slightly worn M2s tensile stresses concentrate in the grooves of the occlusal surface. In such condition, the trigonid and the entoconid-hypoconulid crests act to reinforce the crown locally against stresses produced along the mesiodistal groove. Similarly, the protostylid is shaped like a buttress to suffer the high tensile stresses concentrated in the deep buccal groove. These dental traits are less functional in the worn M2, because tensile stresses decrease physiologically in the crown with progressing wear due to the enlargement of antagonistic contact areas and changes in loading direction from oblique to nearly parallel direction to the dental axis. This suggests that the wear process might have a crucial influence in the evolution and structural adaptation of molars enabling to endure bite stresses and reduce tooth failure throughout the lifetime of an individual.Stefano BenazziHuynh Nhu NguyenOttmar KullmerJean-Jacques HublinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 7, p e69990 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stefano Benazzi Huynh Nhu Nguyen Ottmar Kullmer Jean-Jacques Hublin Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
description	Most of the morphological features recognized in hominin teeth, particularly the topography of the occlusal surface, are generally interpreted as an evolutionary functional adaptation for mechanical food processing. In this respect, we can also expect that the general architecture of a tooth reflects a response to withstand the high stresses produced during masticatory loadings. Here we use an engineering approach, finite element analysis (FEA), with an advanced loading concept derived from individual occlusal wear information to evaluate whether some dental traits usually found in hominin and extant great ape molars, such as the trigonid crest, the entoconid-hypoconulid crest and the protostylid have important biomechanical implications. For this purpose, FEA was applied to 3D digital models of three Gorillagorilla lower second molars (M2) differing in wear stages. Our results show that in unworn and slightly worn M2s tensile stresses concentrate in the grooves of the occlusal surface. In such condition, the trigonid and the entoconid-hypoconulid crests act to reinforce the crown locally against stresses produced along the mesiodistal groove. Similarly, the protostylid is shaped like a buttress to suffer the high tensile stresses concentrated in the deep buccal groove. These dental traits are less functional in the worn M2, because tensile stresses decrease physiologically in the crown with progressing wear due to the enlargement of antagonistic contact areas and changes in loading direction from oblique to nearly parallel direction to the dental axis. This suggests that the wear process might have a crucial influence in the evolution and structural adaptation of molars enabling to endure bite stresses and reduce tooth failure throughout the lifetime of an individual.
format	article
author	Stefano Benazzi Huynh Nhu Nguyen Ottmar Kullmer Jean-Jacques Hublin
author_facet	Stefano Benazzi Huynh Nhu Nguyen Ottmar Kullmer Jean-Jacques Hublin
author_sort	Stefano Benazzi
title	Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
title_short	Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
title_full	Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
title_fullStr	Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
title_full_unstemmed	Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
title_sort	unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/954217925b024e42a749c79ee33b13c3
work_keys_str_mv	AT stefanobenazzi unravellingthefunctionalbiomechanicsofdentalfeaturesandtoothwear AT huynhnhunguyen unravellingthefunctionalbiomechanicsofdentalfeaturesandtoothwear AT ottmarkullmer unravellingthefunctionalbiomechanicsofdentalfeaturesandtoothwear AT jeanjacqueshublin unravellingthefunctionalbiomechanicsofdentalfeaturesandtoothwear
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Unravelling the functional biomechanics of dental features and tooth wear.

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