The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model

Abstract Introduction Diabetic foot ulcer infection (DFI) is an infectious disease of the skin and soft tissue in diabetics notorious for making rapid progress and being hard to cure. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), most frequently detected in DFI, recently was suggested as an intracellular patho...

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Autores principales:	Xiaoying Xie, Rihui Zhong, Ling Luo, Xianghua Lin, Lisi Huang, Songyin Huang, Lijia Ni, Baiji Chen, Rui Shen, Li Yan, Chaohui Duan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	autophagy diabetic foot infection intracellular infection Staphylococcus aureus Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9549341a7c6843d496d920a2c1ea77a5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9549341a7c6843d496d920a2c1ea77a52021-11-12T19:57:14ZThe infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model2050-452710.1002/iid3.492https://doaj.org/article/9549341a7c6843d496d920a2c1ea77a52021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.492https://doaj.org/toc/2050-4527Abstract Introduction Diabetic foot ulcer infection (DFI) is an infectious disease of the skin and soft tissue in diabetics notorious for making rapid progress and being hard to cure. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), most frequently detected in DFI, recently was suggested as an intracellular pathogen that can invade and survive within mammalian host cells. Autophagy in macrophages plays a vital immune role in combating intracellular pathogens through bacterial destruction, but there is a lack of empirical research about the infection characteristics and autophagy in diabetic skin infection. Methods Here, we used streptozotocin‐induced Sprague Dawley rats as a diabetic skin wound model to examine the S. aureus clearance ability and wound healing in vitro. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the autophagic flux of the macrophages in diabetic rats dermis, even with S. aureus infection. Results We demonstrated that infections in diabetic rats appeared more severe and more invasive with weakened pathogen clearance ability of the host immune system, which coincided with the suppressed autophagic flux in dermal macrophages, featured by a significant increase in endogenous LC3II/I and in p62. Conclusions Our results first provided convincing evidence that autophagy of macrophages was dysfunctional in diabetes, especially after being infected by S. aureus, which weakens the intracellular killing of S. aureus, potentially worsens the infections, and accelerates the infection spread in the diabetic rat model. Further understanding of the special immune crosstalk between diabetes host and S. aureus infection through autophagic factors will help to explain the complex clinical phenomenon and guarantee the development of effective therapies for diabetic foot infections.Xiaoying XieRihui ZhongLing LuoXianghua LinLisi HuangSongyin HuangLijia NiBaiji ChenRui ShenLi YanChaohui DuanWileyarticleautophagydiabetic foot infectionintracellular infectionStaphylococcus aureusImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENImmunity, Inflammation and Disease, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp 1428-1438 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	autophagy diabetic foot infection intracellular infection Staphylococcus aureus Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	autophagy diabetic foot infection intracellular infection Staphylococcus aureus Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Xiaoying Xie Rihui Zhong Ling Luo Xianghua Lin Lisi Huang Songyin Huang Lijia Ni Baiji Chen Rui Shen Li Yan Chaohui Duan The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
description	Abstract Introduction Diabetic foot ulcer infection (DFI) is an infectious disease of the skin and soft tissue in diabetics notorious for making rapid progress and being hard to cure. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), most frequently detected in DFI, recently was suggested as an intracellular pathogen that can invade and survive within mammalian host cells. Autophagy in macrophages plays a vital immune role in combating intracellular pathogens through bacterial destruction, but there is a lack of empirical research about the infection characteristics and autophagy in diabetic skin infection. Methods Here, we used streptozotocin‐induced Sprague Dawley rats as a diabetic skin wound model to examine the S. aureus clearance ability and wound healing in vitro. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the autophagic flux of the macrophages in diabetic rats dermis, even with S. aureus infection. Results We demonstrated that infections in diabetic rats appeared more severe and more invasive with weakened pathogen clearance ability of the host immune system, which coincided with the suppressed autophagic flux in dermal macrophages, featured by a significant increase in endogenous LC3II/I and in p62. Conclusions Our results first provided convincing evidence that autophagy of macrophages was dysfunctional in diabetes, especially after being infected by S. aureus, which weakens the intracellular killing of S. aureus, potentially worsens the infections, and accelerates the infection spread in the diabetic rat model. Further understanding of the special immune crosstalk between diabetes host and S. aureus infection through autophagic factors will help to explain the complex clinical phenomenon and guarantee the development of effective therapies for diabetic foot infections.
format	article
author	Xiaoying Xie Rihui Zhong Ling Luo Xianghua Lin Lisi Huang Songyin Huang Lijia Ni Baiji Chen Rui Shen Li Yan Chaohui Duan
author_facet	Xiaoying Xie Rihui Zhong Ling Luo Xianghua Lin Lisi Huang Songyin Huang Lijia Ni Baiji Chen Rui Shen Li Yan Chaohui Duan
author_sort	Xiaoying Xie
title	The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
title_short	The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
title_full	The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
title_fullStr	The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
title_full_unstemmed	The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model
title_sort	infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in stz‐induced diabetic rats skin wound staphylococcus aureus infection model
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9549341a7c6843d496d920a2c1ea77a5
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The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ‐induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model

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