Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability

Centaurea scabiosa L. and C. stoebe Tausch are known to co-exist naturally in two extremely different types of open dry habitats in the temperate zone, alkaline xerothermic grasslands and acidic dry grasslands. However, knowledge about their preferences to edaphic conditions, including soil acidity...

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Autores principales:	Mateusz Wala, Jeremi Kołodziejek, Janusz Mazur, Alicja Cienkowska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Centaurea Iron Xerothermic grasslands Congeneric species Plant nutrition Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9554f2ebf86c4849a65da5b9ca46fb8c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9554f2ebf86c4849a65da5b9ca46fb8c2021-11-12T15:05:14ZReactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability10.7717/peerj.124172167-8359https://doaj.org/article/9554f2ebf86c4849a65da5b9ca46fb8c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12417.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12417/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359Centaurea scabiosa L. and C. stoebe Tausch are known to co-exist naturally in two extremely different types of open dry habitats in the temperate zone, alkaline xerothermic grasslands and acidic dry grasslands. However, knowledge about their preferences to edaphic conditions, including soil acidity (pH), and iron (Fe) availability is scarce. Therefore, experimental comparison of soil requirements (acidic Podzol vs alkaline Rendzina) of these species was carried out. The study was designed as a pot experiment and conducted under field conditions. Fe availability was increased by application of Fe-HBED. Reactions of plants to edaphic conditions were determined using growth measurements, leaf morphometric measurements, chlorosis scoring, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) quantification as well as determination of element content (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). Growth and leaf morphometrical traits of the studied congeneric species were affected similarly by the soil type and differently by the chelate treatment. Increased availability of Fe in Rendzina contrasted the species, as treatment with 25 µmol Fe-HBED kg−1 soil promoted growth only in C. stoebe. Both species turned out to be resistant to Fe-dependent chlorosis which was also reflected in only minor changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Both species showed relatively low nutritional demands. Surprisingly, Fe-HBED did not stimulate Fe acquisition in the studied species, nor its translocation along the root:shoot axis. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, C. scabiosa took up less Fe from the acidic than alkaline soil. C. scabiosa not only absorbed more Ca and Zn but also translocated greater amounts of these elements to shoots than C. stoebe. Both species acquired more Mg on Podzol than on Rendzina which suggests adaptation allowing avoidance of aluminum (Al) toxicity on acidic soils. Overall, it seems that C. scabiosa prefers alkaline soils, whilst C. stoebe prefers acidic ones.Mateusz WalaJeremi KołodziejekJanusz MazurAlicja CienkowskaPeerJ Inc.articleCentaureaIronXerothermic grasslandsCongeneric speciesPlant nutritionMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12417 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Centaurea Iron Xerothermic grasslands Congeneric species Plant nutrition Medicine R
spellingShingle	Centaurea Iron Xerothermic grasslands Congeneric species Plant nutrition Medicine R Mateusz Wala Jeremi Kołodziejek Janusz Mazur Alicja Cienkowska Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
description	Centaurea scabiosa L. and C. stoebe Tausch are known to co-exist naturally in two extremely different types of open dry habitats in the temperate zone, alkaline xerothermic grasslands and acidic dry grasslands. However, knowledge about their preferences to edaphic conditions, including soil acidity (pH), and iron (Fe) availability is scarce. Therefore, experimental comparison of soil requirements (acidic Podzol vs alkaline Rendzina) of these species was carried out. The study was designed as a pot experiment and conducted under field conditions. Fe availability was increased by application of Fe-HBED. Reactions of plants to edaphic conditions were determined using growth measurements, leaf morphometric measurements, chlorosis scoring, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) quantification as well as determination of element content (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). Growth and leaf morphometrical traits of the studied congeneric species were affected similarly by the soil type and differently by the chelate treatment. Increased availability of Fe in Rendzina contrasted the species, as treatment with 25 µmol Fe-HBED kg−1 soil promoted growth only in C. stoebe. Both species turned out to be resistant to Fe-dependent chlorosis which was also reflected in only minor changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Both species showed relatively low nutritional demands. Surprisingly, Fe-HBED did not stimulate Fe acquisition in the studied species, nor its translocation along the root:shoot axis. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, C. scabiosa took up less Fe from the acidic than alkaline soil. C. scabiosa not only absorbed more Ca and Zn but also translocated greater amounts of these elements to shoots than C. stoebe. Both species acquired more Mg on Podzol than on Rendzina which suggests adaptation allowing avoidance of aluminum (Al) toxicity on acidic soils. Overall, it seems that C. scabiosa prefers alkaline soils, whilst C. stoebe prefers acidic ones.
format	article
author	Mateusz Wala Jeremi Kołodziejek Janusz Mazur Alicja Cienkowska
author_facet	Mateusz Wala Jeremi Kołodziejek Janusz Mazur Alicja Cienkowska
author_sort	Mateusz Wala
title	Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
title_short	Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
title_full	Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
title_fullStr	Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
title_full_unstemmed	Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability
title_sort	reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of centaurea (asteraceae) to soils with different ph values and iron availability
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9554f2ebf86c4849a65da5b9ca46fb8c
work_keys_str_mv	AT mateuszwala reactionsoftwoxericcongenericspeciesofcentaureaasteraceaetosoilswithdifferentphvaluesandironavailability AT jeremikołodziejek reactionsoftwoxericcongenericspeciesofcentaureaasteraceaetosoilswithdifferentphvaluesandironavailability AT januszmazur reactionsoftwoxericcongenericspeciesofcentaureaasteraceaetosoilswithdifferentphvaluesandironavailability AT alicjacienkowska reactionsoftwoxericcongenericspeciesofcentaureaasteraceaetosoilswithdifferentphvaluesandironavailability
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Reactions of two xeric-congeneric species of Centaurea (Asteraceae) to soils with different pH values and iron availability

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