Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal

Agroforestry plays a pivotal role for Sahelian communities by allowing simultaneous improvement of food security and conservation of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. However, agroforestry systems (AFSs) are particularly heterogeneous in sub-Saharan Africa due to small to very small fields,...

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Autores principales:	Babacar Ndao, Louise Leroux, Raffaele Gaetano, Abdoul Aziz Diouf, Valérie Soti, Agnès Bégué, Cheikh Mbow, Bienvenu Sambou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Sampling strategy Parklands Landscape heterogeneity Remote sensing Stratification Landscape metrics Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/95828f362088478e98c85e3f422641d5
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:95828f362088478e98c85e3f422641d5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:95828f362088478e98c85e3f422641d52021-12-01T04:47:07ZLandscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107481https://doaj.org/article/95828f362088478e98c85e3f422641d52021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21001461https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XAgroforestry plays a pivotal role for Sahelian communities by allowing simultaneous improvement of food security and conservation of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. However, agroforestry systems (AFSs) are particularly heterogeneous in sub-Saharan Africa due to small to very small fields, a large variety of agricultural practices and a diversity of parkland compositions and configurations. This makes spatial sampling processes very important but problematic in terms of representativeness of the landscape heterogeneity to allow an effective study of Sahelian AFSs. In this paper, we proposed, tested and assessed a methodological approach for landscape sampling, mapping and characterization while considering the different types of spatial heterogeneity in complex landscapes, such as Sahelian AFSs. Several complementary methods were combined on the basis of a priori knowledge of agroforestry landscape functioning using multisource data, remote sensing methods, and statistical and spatial analyses applied to landscape ecology. First, the landscape heterogeneity was stratified and used to design two weighted, stratified sampling plans for field surveys of tree species and land use/land cover types. Then, with multisource satellite images together with collected field data, the agroforestry systems were mapped, with a satisfactory accuracy of 85.12% and a Kappa index of 0.81. Finally, we used landscape metrics and diversity indices derived from AFS mapping and the tree species inventory to analyze the diversity of the studied AFS located in the Senegalese Peanut Basin. The results of the analysis evidenced the compositional, configurational and functional heterogeneity found in the study area. This allowed us to demonstrate the ability of the sampling strategy proposed in this paper to capture the various types of heterogeneity in agricultural landscapes. We also showed by implementing the method that it can be used for (i) tree biodiversity analysis, (ii) mapping and (iii) characterization of a complex AFS in sub-Saharan Africa.Babacar NdaoLouise LerouxRaffaele GaetanoAbdoul Aziz DioufValérie SotiAgnès BéguéCheikh MbowBienvenu SambouElsevierarticleSampling strategyParklandsLandscape heterogeneityRemote sensingStratificationLandscape metricsEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 125, Iss , Pp 107481- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Sampling strategy Parklands Landscape heterogeneity Remote sensing Stratification Landscape metrics Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Sampling strategy Parklands Landscape heterogeneity Remote sensing Stratification Landscape metrics Ecology QH540-549.5 Babacar Ndao Louise Leroux Raffaele Gaetano Abdoul Aziz Diouf Valérie Soti Agnès Bégué Cheikh Mbow Bienvenu Sambou Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
description	Agroforestry plays a pivotal role for Sahelian communities by allowing simultaneous improvement of food security and conservation of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. However, agroforestry systems (AFSs) are particularly heterogeneous in sub-Saharan Africa due to small to very small fields, a large variety of agricultural practices and a diversity of parkland compositions and configurations. This makes spatial sampling processes very important but problematic in terms of representativeness of the landscape heterogeneity to allow an effective study of Sahelian AFSs. In this paper, we proposed, tested and assessed a methodological approach for landscape sampling, mapping and characterization while considering the different types of spatial heterogeneity in complex landscapes, such as Sahelian AFSs. Several complementary methods were combined on the basis of a priori knowledge of agroforestry landscape functioning using multisource data, remote sensing methods, and statistical and spatial analyses applied to landscape ecology. First, the landscape heterogeneity was stratified and used to design two weighted, stratified sampling plans for field surveys of tree species and land use/land cover types. Then, with multisource satellite images together with collected field data, the agroforestry systems were mapped, with a satisfactory accuracy of 85.12% and a Kappa index of 0.81. Finally, we used landscape metrics and diversity indices derived from AFS mapping and the tree species inventory to analyze the diversity of the studied AFS located in the Senegalese Peanut Basin. The results of the analysis evidenced the compositional, configurational and functional heterogeneity found in the study area. This allowed us to demonstrate the ability of the sampling strategy proposed in this paper to capture the various types of heterogeneity in agricultural landscapes. We also showed by implementing the method that it can be used for (i) tree biodiversity analysis, (ii) mapping and (iii) characterization of a complex AFS in sub-Saharan Africa.
format	article
author	Babacar Ndao Louise Leroux Raffaele Gaetano Abdoul Aziz Diouf Valérie Soti Agnès Bégué Cheikh Mbow Bienvenu Sambou
author_facet	Babacar Ndao Louise Leroux Raffaele Gaetano Abdoul Aziz Diouf Valérie Soti Agnès Bégué Cheikh Mbow Bienvenu Sambou
author_sort	Babacar Ndao
title	Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
title_short	Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
title_full	Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
title_fullStr	Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
title_full_unstemmed	Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal
title_sort	landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in sahelian agroforestry systems of senegal
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/95828f362088478e98c85e3f422641d5
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Landscape heterogeneity analysis using geospatial techniques and a priori knowledge in Sahelian agroforestry systems of Senegal

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