Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment

Abstract Oil shale has received attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum because of its abundant reserves. Exploitation of oil shale can be divided into two types: ex situ and in situ exploitation. In situ transformation has been favoured because of its various advantages. Heating of o...

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Autores principales: Han Wang, Wenjing Zhang, Shuwei Qiu, Xiujuan Liang
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Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/959860905ea64f47b4910e9cd24fb228
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:959860905ea64f47b4910e9cd24fb2282021-12-02T19:06:33ZRelease characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment10.1038/s41598-021-95509-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/959860905ea64f47b4910e9cd24fb2282021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95509-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Oil shale has received attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum because of its abundant reserves. Exploitation of oil shale can be divided into two types: ex situ and in situ exploitation. In situ transformation has been favoured because of its various advantages. Heating of oil shale leads to the production of oil and gas. To explore the influence of solid residue after pyrolysis of oil shale on the groundwater environment, we performed ultrapure water–rock interaction experiments. The results showed that Pb tended to accumulate in solid residues during pyrolysis. Additionally, the Pb concentration goes up in the immersion solution over time and as the pyrolysis temperature increased. In contrast, when we measured the soaking data of benzene series, the concentrations of benzene and toluene produced at temperatures over 350 ℃ were highest in the four oil shale pyrolysis samples after pyrolysis. The water–rock interaction experiment for 30 days led to benzene and toluene concentrations that were 104 and 1070-fold over the limit of China’s standards for groundwater quality. Over time, the content of benzene series was attenuated via biological actions. The results show that in situ oil shale mining can lead to continuous pollution in the groundwater environment.Han WangWenjing ZhangShuwei QiuXiujuan LiangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Han Wang
Wenjing Zhang
Shuwei Qiu
Xiujuan Liang
Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
description Abstract Oil shale has received attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum because of its abundant reserves. Exploitation of oil shale can be divided into two types: ex situ and in situ exploitation. In situ transformation has been favoured because of its various advantages. Heating of oil shale leads to the production of oil and gas. To explore the influence of solid residue after pyrolysis of oil shale on the groundwater environment, we performed ultrapure water–rock interaction experiments. The results showed that Pb tended to accumulate in solid residues during pyrolysis. Additionally, the Pb concentration goes up in the immersion solution over time and as the pyrolysis temperature increased. In contrast, when we measured the soaking data of benzene series, the concentrations of benzene and toluene produced at temperatures over 350 ℃ were highest in the four oil shale pyrolysis samples after pyrolysis. The water–rock interaction experiment for 30 days led to benzene and toluene concentrations that were 104 and 1070-fold over the limit of China’s standards for groundwater quality. Over time, the content of benzene series was attenuated via biological actions. The results show that in situ oil shale mining can lead to continuous pollution in the groundwater environment.
format article
author Han Wang
Wenjing Zhang
Shuwei Qiu
Xiujuan Liang
author_facet Han Wang
Wenjing Zhang
Shuwei Qiu
Xiujuan Liang
author_sort Han Wang
title Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
title_short Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
title_full Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
title_fullStr Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
title_full_unstemmed Release characteristics of Pb and BETX from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
title_sort release characteristics of pb and betx from in situ oil shale transformation on groundwater environment
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/959860905ea64f47b4910e9cd24fb228
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AT wenjingzhang releasecharacteristicsofpbandbetxfrominsituoilshaletransformationongroundwaterenvironment
AT shuweiqiu releasecharacteristicsofpbandbetxfrominsituoilshaletransformationongroundwaterenvironment
AT xiujuanliang releasecharacteristicsofpbandbetxfrominsituoilshaletransformationongroundwaterenvironment
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