Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients

The alterations in thyroid function during recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment have been reported by many authors since this therapy became widely available for patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Decrease of thyroxine level is the most frequent observation in patients treat...

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Autores principales:	Anna Małgorzata Kucharska, Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek, Małgorzata Rumińska, Beata Pyrżak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hypothyroidism thyroid hormones growth hormone treatment growth hormone deficiency Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/960cc11e86654e9492667889ed857b2a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:960cc11e86654e9492667889ed857b2a2021-11-25T18:02:00ZThyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients10.3390/jcm102253542077-0383https://doaj.org/article/960cc11e86654e9492667889ed857b2a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/22/5354https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383The alterations in thyroid function during recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment have been reported by many authors since this therapy became widely available for patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Decrease of thyroxine level is the most frequent observation in patients treated with rhGH. This paper presents literature data describing changes in thyroid function related to rhGH therapy and a current explanation of mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. The effect of GH on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is dependent on a multilevel regulation beginning from influence on the central axis, thyroid, and extra-thyroidal deiodinases activity as well as the impact on thyroid hormone receptors on the end. Changes in central and peripheral regulation could overlap during rhGH therapy, resulting in central hypothyroidism or an isolated slight deficiency of thyroxine. The regular monitoring of thyroid function is recommended in patients treated with rhGH and the decision of levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) supplementation should be made in the clinical context, taking into account thyroid hormone levels, as well as the chance for satisfactory growth improvement.Anna Małgorzata KucharskaEwelina Witkowska-SędekMałgorzata RumińskaBeata PyrżakMDPI AGarticlehypothyroidismthyroid hormonesgrowth hormone treatmentgrowth hormone deficiencyMedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 5354, p 5354 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hypothyroidism thyroid hormones growth hormone treatment growth hormone deficiency Medicine R
spellingShingle	hypothyroidism thyroid hormones growth hormone treatment growth hormone deficiency Medicine R Anna Małgorzata Kucharska Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek Małgorzata Rumińska Beata Pyrżak Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
description	The alterations in thyroid function during recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment have been reported by many authors since this therapy became widely available for patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Decrease of thyroxine level is the most frequent observation in patients treated with rhGH. This paper presents literature data describing changes in thyroid function related to rhGH therapy and a current explanation of mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. The effect of GH on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is dependent on a multilevel regulation beginning from influence on the central axis, thyroid, and extra-thyroidal deiodinases activity as well as the impact on thyroid hormone receptors on the end. Changes in central and peripheral regulation could overlap during rhGH therapy, resulting in central hypothyroidism or an isolated slight deficiency of thyroxine. The regular monitoring of thyroid function is recommended in patients treated with rhGH and the decision of levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) supplementation should be made in the clinical context, taking into account thyroid hormone levels, as well as the chance for satisfactory growth improvement.
format	article
author	Anna Małgorzata Kucharska Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek Małgorzata Rumińska Beata Pyrżak
author_facet	Anna Małgorzata Kucharska Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek Małgorzata Rumińska Beata Pyrżak
author_sort	Anna Małgorzata Kucharska
title	Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
title_short	Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
title_full	Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
title_fullStr	Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients
title_sort	thyroid hormone changes related to growth hormone therapy in growth hormone deficient patients
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/960cc11e86654e9492667889ed857b2a
work_keys_str_mv	AT annamałgorzatakucharska thyroidhormonechangesrelatedtogrowthhormonetherapyingrowthhormonedeficientpatients AT ewelinawitkowskasedek thyroidhormonechangesrelatedtogrowthhormonetherapyingrowthhormonedeficientpatients AT małgorzataruminska thyroidhormonechangesrelatedtogrowthhormonetherapyingrowthhormonedeficientpatients AT beatapyrzak thyroidhormonechangesrelatedtogrowthhormonetherapyingrowthhormonedeficientpatients
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Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients

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