Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.

Dosage compensation equalizes X-linked expression between XY males and XX females. In male fruit flies, expression levels of the X-chromosome are increased approximately two-fold to compensate for their single X chromosome. In testis, dosage compensation is thought to cease during meiosis; however,...

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Autores principales: Evan Witt, Zhantao Shao, Chun Hu, Henry M Krause, Li Zhao
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/961087cf739e4ebf9fcb30ff8f3a887b
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:961087cf739e4ebf9fcb30ff8f3a887b2021-12-02T20:02:52ZSingle-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.1553-73901553-740410.1371/journal.pgen.1009728https://doaj.org/article/961087cf739e4ebf9fcb30ff8f3a887b2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009728https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7390https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7404Dosage compensation equalizes X-linked expression between XY males and XX females. In male fruit flies, expression levels of the X-chromosome are increased approximately two-fold to compensate for their single X chromosome. In testis, dosage compensation is thought to cease during meiosis; however, the timing and degree of the resulting transcriptional suppression is difficult to separate from global meiotic downregulation of each chromosome. To address this, we analyzed testis single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from two Drosophila melanogaster strains. We found evidence that the X chromosome is equally transcriptionally active as autosomes in somatic and pre-meiotic cells, and less transcriptionally active than autosomes in meiotic and post-meiotic cells. In cells experiencing dosage compensation, close proximity to MSL (male-specific lethal) chromatin entry sites (CES) correlates with increased X chromosome transcription. We found low or undetectable levels of germline expression of most msl genes, mle, roX1 and roX2 via scRNA-seq and RNA-FISH, and no evidence of germline nuclear roX1/2 localization. Our results suggest that, although dosage compensation occurs in somatic and pre-meiotic germ cells in Drosophila testis, there might be non-canonical factors involved in the dosage compensation mechanism. The single-cell expression patterns and enrichment statistics of detected genes can be explored interactively in our database: https://zhao.labapps.rockefeller.edu/gene-expr/.Evan WittZhantao ShaoChun HuHenry M KrauseLi ZhaoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleGeneticsQH426-470ENPLoS Genetics, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e1009728 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Genetics
QH426-470
spellingShingle Genetics
QH426-470
Evan Witt
Zhantao Shao
Chun Hu
Henry M Krause
Li Zhao
Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
description Dosage compensation equalizes X-linked expression between XY males and XX females. In male fruit flies, expression levels of the X-chromosome are increased approximately two-fold to compensate for their single X chromosome. In testis, dosage compensation is thought to cease during meiosis; however, the timing and degree of the resulting transcriptional suppression is difficult to separate from global meiotic downregulation of each chromosome. To address this, we analyzed testis single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from two Drosophila melanogaster strains. We found evidence that the X chromosome is equally transcriptionally active as autosomes in somatic and pre-meiotic cells, and less transcriptionally active than autosomes in meiotic and post-meiotic cells. In cells experiencing dosage compensation, close proximity to MSL (male-specific lethal) chromatin entry sites (CES) correlates with increased X chromosome transcription. We found low or undetectable levels of germline expression of most msl genes, mle, roX1 and roX2 via scRNA-seq and RNA-FISH, and no evidence of germline nuclear roX1/2 localization. Our results suggest that, although dosage compensation occurs in somatic and pre-meiotic germ cells in Drosophila testis, there might be non-canonical factors involved in the dosage compensation mechanism. The single-cell expression patterns and enrichment statistics of detected genes can be explored interactively in our database: https://zhao.labapps.rockefeller.edu/gene-expr/.
format article
author Evan Witt
Zhantao Shao
Chun Hu
Henry M Krause
Li Zhao
author_facet Evan Witt
Zhantao Shao
Chun Hu
Henry M Krause
Li Zhao
author_sort Evan Witt
title Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
title_short Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
title_full Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
title_fullStr Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
title_full_unstemmed Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic X-chromosome dosage compensation in Drosophila testis.
title_sort single-cell rna-sequencing reveals pre-meiotic x-chromosome dosage compensation in drosophila testis.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/961087cf739e4ebf9fcb30ff8f3a887b
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