Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia

Abstract Paranoia may build on negative beliefs held both about the self and others. Compassionate imagery may be one way of reducing such negative beliefs, and hence paranoia. Two studies tested this idea, one targeting compassion for the self and one targeting compassion for others. Two-hundred in...

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Autores principales:	Poppy Brown, Felicity Waite, Aitor Rovira, Alecia Nickless, Daniel Freeman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9613b1ce2f5143fdaf1ec451b1c8a94d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9613b1ce2f5143fdaf1ec451b1c8a94d2021-12-02T14:58:53ZVirtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia10.1038/s41598-020-64957-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9613b1ce2f5143fdaf1ec451b1c8a94d2020-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64957-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Paranoia may build on negative beliefs held both about the self and others. Compassionate imagery may be one way of reducing such negative beliefs, and hence paranoia. Two studies tested this idea, one targeting compassion for the self and one targeting compassion for others. Two-hundred individuals from the general population scoring highly for paranoia were recruited. The studies used a randomised controlled experimental design, with embedded tests for mediation. Study one targeted self-compassion via creation of a compassionate coach (CC) image. Study two targeted compassion for others via loving kindness meditation (LKM). Individuals repeatedly entered neutral virtual reality social environments. Changes in compassion and paranoia were assessed. Compared to controls, the CC group increased in self-compassion (group difference = 2.12, C.I. = 1.57;2.67, p = <0.0001, d = 1.4) and decreased in paranoia (group difference = −1.73, C.I. = −2.48; −0.98, p = <0.0001, d = 0.8). Change in self-compassion explained 57% of change in paranoia. Compared to controls, the LKM group increased their compassion for others (group difference = 3.26, C.I. = 2.72;3.80, p = <0.0001, d = 1.7), and decreased in paranoia (group difference = −1.70, C.I. = −2.50; −0.89, p = <0.0001, d = 0.8). Change in compassion for others explained 67% of change in paranoia. Targeting negative beliefs about the self and others using compassionate imagery causes reductions in paranoia. Tests in clinical populations are indicated.Poppy BrownFelicity WaiteAitor RoviraAlecia NicklessDaniel FreemanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Poppy Brown Felicity Waite Aitor Rovira Alecia Nickless Daniel Freeman Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
description	Abstract Paranoia may build on negative beliefs held both about the self and others. Compassionate imagery may be one way of reducing such negative beliefs, and hence paranoia. Two studies tested this idea, one targeting compassion for the self and one targeting compassion for others. Two-hundred individuals from the general population scoring highly for paranoia were recruited. The studies used a randomised controlled experimental design, with embedded tests for mediation. Study one targeted self-compassion via creation of a compassionate coach (CC) image. Study two targeted compassion for others via loving kindness meditation (LKM). Individuals repeatedly entered neutral virtual reality social environments. Changes in compassion and paranoia were assessed. Compared to controls, the CC group increased in self-compassion (group difference = 2.12, C.I. = 1.57;2.67, p = <0.0001, d = 1.4) and decreased in paranoia (group difference = −1.73, C.I. = −2.48; −0.98, p = <0.0001, d = 0.8). Change in self-compassion explained 57% of change in paranoia. Compared to controls, the LKM group increased their compassion for others (group difference = 3.26, C.I. = 2.72;3.80, p = <0.0001, d = 1.7), and decreased in paranoia (group difference = −1.70, C.I. = −2.50; −0.89, p = <0.0001, d = 0.8). Change in compassion for others explained 67% of change in paranoia. Targeting negative beliefs about the self and others using compassionate imagery causes reductions in paranoia. Tests in clinical populations are indicated.
format	article
author	Poppy Brown Felicity Waite Aitor Rovira Alecia Nickless Daniel Freeman
author_facet	Poppy Brown Felicity Waite Aitor Rovira Alecia Nickless Daniel Freeman
author_sort	Poppy Brown
title	Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
title_short	Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
title_full	Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
title_fullStr	Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
title_full_unstemmed	Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
title_sort	virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/9613b1ce2f5143fdaf1ec451b1c8a94d
work_keys_str_mv	AT poppybrown virtualrealityclinicalexperimentaltestsofcompassiontreatmenttechniquestoreduceparanoia AT felicitywaite virtualrealityclinicalexperimentaltestsofcompassiontreatmenttechniquestoreduceparanoia AT aitorrovira virtualrealityclinicalexperimentaltestsofcompassiontreatmenttechniquestoreduceparanoia AT alecianickless virtualrealityclinicalexperimentaltestsofcompassiontreatmenttechniquestoreduceparanoia AT danielfreeman virtualrealityclinicalexperimentaltestsofcompassiontreatmenttechniquestoreduceparanoia
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Virtual reality clinical-experimental tests of compassion treatment techniques to reduce paranoia

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