Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.

Predators are known to select food of the same type in non-random sequences or "runs" that are longer than would be expected by chance. If prey are conspicuous, predators will switch between available sources, interleaving runs of different prey types. However, when prey are cryptic, preda...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Árni Kristjánsson, Ómar I Jóhannesson, Ian M Thornton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9632f715c3e84535a3ebdfa60a3c7c96
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:9632f715c3e84535a3ebdfa60a3c7c96
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9632f715c3e84535a3ebdfa60a3c7c962021-11-11T08:21:34ZCommon attentional constraints in visual foraging.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0100752https://doaj.org/article/9632f715c3e84535a3ebdfa60a3c7c962014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24964082/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Predators are known to select food of the same type in non-random sequences or "runs" that are longer than would be expected by chance. If prey are conspicuous, predators will switch between available sources, interleaving runs of different prey types. However, when prey are cryptic, predators tend to focus on one food type at a time, effectively ignoring equally available sources. This latter finding is regarded as a key indicator that animal foraging is strongly constrained by attention. It is unknown whether human foraging is equally constrained. Here, using a novel iPad task, we demonstrate for the first time that it is. Participants were required to locate and touch 40 targets from 2 different categories embedded within a dense field of distractors. When individual target items "popped-out" search was organized into multiple runs, with frequent switching between target categories. In contrast, as soon as focused attention was required to identify individual targets, participants typically exhausted one entire category before beginning to search for the other. This commonality in animal and human foraging is compelling given the additional cognitive tools available to humans, and suggests that attention constrains search behavior in a similar way across a broad range of species.Árni KristjánssonÓmar I JóhannessonIan M ThorntonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e100752 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Árni Kristjánsson Ómar I Jóhannesson Ian M Thornton Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
description	Predators are known to select food of the same type in non-random sequences or "runs" that are longer than would be expected by chance. If prey are conspicuous, predators will switch between available sources, interleaving runs of different prey types. However, when prey are cryptic, predators tend to focus on one food type at a time, effectively ignoring equally available sources. This latter finding is regarded as a key indicator that animal foraging is strongly constrained by attention. It is unknown whether human foraging is equally constrained. Here, using a novel iPad task, we demonstrate for the first time that it is. Participants were required to locate and touch 40 targets from 2 different categories embedded within a dense field of distractors. When individual target items "popped-out" search was organized into multiple runs, with frequent switching between target categories. In contrast, as soon as focused attention was required to identify individual targets, participants typically exhausted one entire category before beginning to search for the other. This commonality in animal and human foraging is compelling given the additional cognitive tools available to humans, and suggests that attention constrains search behavior in a similar way across a broad range of species.
format	article
author	Árni Kristjánsson Ómar I Jóhannesson Ian M Thornton
author_facet	Árni Kristjánsson Ómar I Jóhannesson Ian M Thornton
author_sort	Árni Kristjánsson
title	Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
title_short	Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
title_full	Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
title_fullStr	Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
title_full_unstemmed	Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
title_sort	common attentional constraints in visual foraging.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/9632f715c3e84535a3ebdfa60a3c7c96
work_keys_str_mv	AT arnikristjansson commonattentionalconstraintsinvisualforaging AT omarijohannesson commonattentionalconstraintsinvisualforaging AT ianmthornton commonattentionalconstraintsinvisualforaging
_version_	1718439333066702849

Common attentional constraints in visual foraging.

Ejemplares similares