Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire

The main characteristics of pool fire flames are flame height, air entrainment, pulsation of the flame, formation and properties of soot particles, mass burning rate, radiation feedback to the pool surface, and the amount of pollutants including soot released to the environment. In this type of buoy...

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Autores principales:	Juan J. Cruz , Ignacio Verdugo, Nicolás Gutiérrez-Cáceres, Felipe Escudero, Rodrigo Demarco, Fengshan Liu, Jérôme Yon, Dongping Chen, Andrés Fuentes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	porous burner unsteady flame soot concentration diffusion flame fuel surrogate Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/968420c441f24f108de5901f245a9384
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:968420c441f24f108de5901f245a93842021-11-08T04:40:28ZSoot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire2297-307910.3389/fmech.2021.744283https://doaj.org/article/968420c441f24f108de5901f245a93842021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmech.2021.744283/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-3079The main characteristics of pool fire flames are flame height, air entrainment, pulsation of the flame, formation and properties of soot particles, mass burning rate, radiation feedback to the pool surface, and the amount of pollutants including soot released to the environment. In this type of buoyancy controlled flames, the soot content produced and their subsequent thermal radiation feedback to the pool surface are key to determine the self-sustainability of the flame, their mass burning rate and the heat release rate. The accurate characterization of these flames is an involved task, specially for modelers due to the difficulty of imposing adequate boundary conditions. For this reason, efforts are being made to design experimental campaigns with well-controlled conditions for their reliable repeatability, reproducibility and replicability. In this work, we characterized the production of soot in a surrogate pool fire. This is emulated by a bench-scale porous burner fueled with pure ethylene burning in still air. The flame stability was characterized with high temporal and spatial resolution by using a CMOS camera and a fast photodiode. The results show that the flame exhibit a time-varying propagation behavior with a periodic separation of the reactive zone. Soot volume fraction distributions were measured at nine locations along the flame centerline from 20 to 100 mm above the burner exit using the auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence (AC-LII) technique. The mean, standard deviation and probability density function of soot volume fraction were determined. Soot volume fraction presents an increasing tendency with the height above the burner, in spite of a local decrease at 90 mm which is approximately the position separating the lower and attached portion of the flame from the higher more intermittent one. The results of this work provide a valuable data set for validating soot production models in pool fire configurations.Juan J. Cruz Ignacio VerdugoNicolás Gutiérrez-CáceresFelipe EscuderoRodrigo DemarcoFengshan LiuJérôme YonDongping ChenAndrés FuentesFrontiers Media S.A.articleporous burnerunsteady flamesoot concentrationdiffusion flamefuel surrogateMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENFrontiers in Mechanical Engineering, Vol 7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	porous burner unsteady flame soot concentration diffusion flame fuel surrogate Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	porous burner unsteady flame soot concentration diffusion flame fuel surrogate Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Juan J. Cruz Ignacio Verdugo Nicolás Gutiérrez-Cáceres Felipe Escudero Rodrigo Demarco Fengshan Liu Jérôme Yon Dongping Chen Andrés Fuentes Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
description	The main characteristics of pool fire flames are flame height, air entrainment, pulsation of the flame, formation and properties of soot particles, mass burning rate, radiation feedback to the pool surface, and the amount of pollutants including soot released to the environment. In this type of buoyancy controlled flames, the soot content produced and their subsequent thermal radiation feedback to the pool surface are key to determine the self-sustainability of the flame, their mass burning rate and the heat release rate. The accurate characterization of these flames is an involved task, specially for modelers due to the difficulty of imposing adequate boundary conditions. For this reason, efforts are being made to design experimental campaigns with well-controlled conditions for their reliable repeatability, reproducibility and replicability. In this work, we characterized the production of soot in a surrogate pool fire. This is emulated by a bench-scale porous burner fueled with pure ethylene burning in still air. The flame stability was characterized with high temporal and spatial resolution by using a CMOS camera and a fast photodiode. The results show that the flame exhibit a time-varying propagation behavior with a periodic separation of the reactive zone. Soot volume fraction distributions were measured at nine locations along the flame centerline from 20 to 100 mm above the burner exit using the auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence (AC-LII) technique. The mean, standard deviation and probability density function of soot volume fraction were determined. Soot volume fraction presents an increasing tendency with the height above the burner, in spite of a local decrease at 90 mm which is approximately the position separating the lower and attached portion of the flame from the higher more intermittent one. The results of this work provide a valuable data set for validating soot production models in pool fire configurations.
format	article
author	Juan J. Cruz Ignacio Verdugo Nicolás Gutiérrez-Cáceres Felipe Escudero Rodrigo Demarco Fengshan Liu Jérôme Yon Dongping Chen Andrés Fuentes
author_facet	Juan J. Cruz Ignacio Verdugo Nicolás Gutiérrez-Cáceres Felipe Escudero Rodrigo Demarco Fengshan Liu Jérôme Yon Dongping Chen Andrés Fuentes
author_sort	Juan J. Cruz
title	Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
title_short	Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
title_full	Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
title_fullStr	Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
title_full_unstemmed	Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire
title_sort	soot volume fraction measurements by auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence in diffusion flames generated by ethylene pool fire
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/968420c441f24f108de5901f245a9384
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Soot Volume Fraction Measurements by Auto-Compensating Laser-Induced Incandescence in Diffusion Flames Generated by Ethylene Pool Fire

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