Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation

Abstract Global wave hindcasts are developed using the third generation spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III with the observation‐based source terms (ST6) and a hybrid rectilinear‐curvilinear, irregular‐regular‐irregular grid system (approximately at 0.25°×0.25°). Three distinct global hindcasts are pr...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Qingxiang Liu, Alexander V. Babanin, W. Erick Rogers, Stefan Zieger, Ian R. Young, Jean‐Raymond Bidlot, Tom Durrant, Kevin Ewans, Changlong Guan, Cagil Kirezci, Gil Lemos, Keith MacHutchon, Il‐Ju Moon, Henrique Rapizo, Agustinus Ribal, Alvaro Semedo, Juanjuan Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	global wave hindcasts spectral wave modeling WAVEWATCH III Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9693cc9aa599441ea19708667c302af6
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:9693cc9aa599441ea19708667c302af6
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9693cc9aa599441ea19708667c302af62021-11-12T07:13:23ZGlobal Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation1942-246610.1029/2021MS002493https://doaj.org/article/9693cc9aa599441ea19708667c302af62021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002493https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466Abstract Global wave hindcasts are developed using the third generation spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III with the observation‐based source terms (ST6) and a hybrid rectilinear‐curvilinear, irregular‐regular‐irregular grid system (approximately at 0.25°×0.25°). Three distinct global hindcasts are produced: (a) a long‐term hindcast (1979–2019) forced by the ERA5 conventional winds U10 and (b) two short‐term hindcasts (2011–2019) driven by the NCEP climate forecast system (CFS)v2 U10 and the ERA5 neutral winds U10,neu, respectively. The input field for ice is sourced from the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) sea‐ice concentration climate data records. These wave simulations, together with the driving wind forcing, are validated against extensive in‐situ observations and satellite altimeter records. The performance of the ST6 wave hindcasts shows promising results across multiple wave parameters, including the conventional wave characteristics (e.g., wave height Hs and wave period) and high‐order spectral moments (e.g., the surface Stokes drift and mean square slope). The ERA5‐based simulations generally present lower random errors, but the CFS‐based run represents extreme sea states (e.g., Hs>10 m) considerably better. Novel wave parameters available in our hindcasts, namely the dominant wave breaking probability, wave‐induced mixed layer depth, freak wave indexes and wave‐spreading factor, are further described and briefly discussed. Inter‐comparisons of Hs from the long‐term (41 years) wave hindcast, buoy measurements and two different calibrated altimeter data sets highlight the inconsistency in these altimeter records arising from different calibration methodology. Significant errors in the low‐frequency bins (period T>15 s) for both wave energy and directionality call for further model development.Qingxiang LiuAlexander V. BabaninW. Erick RogersStefan ZiegerIan R. YoungJean‐Raymond BidlotTom DurrantKevin EwansChanglong GuanCagil KirezciGil LemosKeith MacHutchonIl‐Ju MoonHenrique RapizoAgustinus RibalAlvaro SemedoJuanjuan WangAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleglobal wave hindcastsspectral wave modelingWAVEWATCH IIIPhysical geographyGB3-5030OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 13, Iss 8, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	global wave hindcasts spectral wave modeling WAVEWATCH III Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	global wave hindcasts spectral wave modeling WAVEWATCH III Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 Qingxiang Liu Alexander V. Babanin W. Erick Rogers Stefan Zieger Ian R. Young Jean‐Raymond Bidlot Tom Durrant Kevin Ewans Changlong Guan Cagil Kirezci Gil Lemos Keith MacHutchon Il‐Ju Moon Henrique Rapizo Agustinus Ribal Alvaro Semedo Juanjuan Wang Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
description	Abstract Global wave hindcasts are developed using the third generation spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III with the observation‐based source terms (ST6) and a hybrid rectilinear‐curvilinear, irregular‐regular‐irregular grid system (approximately at 0.25°×0.25°). Three distinct global hindcasts are produced: (a) a long‐term hindcast (1979–2019) forced by the ERA5 conventional winds U10 and (b) two short‐term hindcasts (2011–2019) driven by the NCEP climate forecast system (CFS)v2 U10 and the ERA5 neutral winds U10,neu, respectively. The input field for ice is sourced from the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) sea‐ice concentration climate data records. These wave simulations, together with the driving wind forcing, are validated against extensive in‐situ observations and satellite altimeter records. The performance of the ST6 wave hindcasts shows promising results across multiple wave parameters, including the conventional wave characteristics (e.g., wave height Hs and wave period) and high‐order spectral moments (e.g., the surface Stokes drift and mean square slope). The ERA5‐based simulations generally present lower random errors, but the CFS‐based run represents extreme sea states (e.g., Hs>10 m) considerably better. Novel wave parameters available in our hindcasts, namely the dominant wave breaking probability, wave‐induced mixed layer depth, freak wave indexes and wave‐spreading factor, are further described and briefly discussed. Inter‐comparisons of Hs from the long‐term (41 years) wave hindcast, buoy measurements and two different calibrated altimeter data sets highlight the inconsistency in these altimeter records arising from different calibration methodology. Significant errors in the low‐frequency bins (period T>15 s) for both wave energy and directionality call for further model development.
format	article
author	Qingxiang Liu Alexander V. Babanin W. Erick Rogers Stefan Zieger Ian R. Young Jean‐Raymond Bidlot Tom Durrant Kevin Ewans Changlong Guan Cagil Kirezci Gil Lemos Keith MacHutchon Il‐Ju Moon Henrique Rapizo Agustinus Ribal Alvaro Semedo Juanjuan Wang
author_facet	Qingxiang Liu Alexander V. Babanin W. Erick Rogers Stefan Zieger Ian R. Young Jean‐Raymond Bidlot Tom Durrant Kevin Ewans Changlong Guan Cagil Kirezci Gil Lemos Keith MacHutchon Il‐Ju Moon Henrique Rapizo Agustinus Ribal Alvaro Semedo Juanjuan Wang
author_sort	Qingxiang Liu
title	Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
title_short	Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
title_full	Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
title_fullStr	Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
title_full_unstemmed	Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation
title_sort	global wave hindcasts using the observation‐based source terms: description and validation
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9693cc9aa599441ea19708667c302af6
work_keys_str_mv	AT qingxiangliu globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT alexandervbabanin globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT werickrogers globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT stefanzieger globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT ianryoung globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT jeanraymondbidlot globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT tomdurrant globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT kevinewans globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT changlongguan globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT cagilkirezci globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT gillemos globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT keithmachutchon globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT iljumoon globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT henriquerapizo globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT agustinusribal globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT alvarosemedo globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation AT juanjuanwang globalwavehindcastsusingtheobservationbasedsourcetermsdescriptionandvalidation
_version_	1718431122865520640

Global Wave Hindcasts Using the Observation‐Based Source Terms: Description and Validation

Ejemplares similares