Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials

Abstract We elucidate a bias-free light-induced orbital and spin current through nonlinear response theory, which generalizes the well-known bulk photovoltaic effect in centrosymmetric broken materials from charge to the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. We use two-dimensional nonmagnetic ferroel...

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Autores principales:	Xingchi Mu, Yiming Pan, Jian Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9697380141d84a5c80724fecd41a1ced
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9697380141d84a5c80724fecd41a1ced2021-12-02T14:41:54ZPure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials10.1038/s41524-021-00531-72057-3960https://doaj.org/article/9697380141d84a5c80724fecd41a1ced2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-021-00531-7https://doaj.org/toc/2057-3960Abstract We elucidate a bias-free light-induced orbital and spin current through nonlinear response theory, which generalizes the well-known bulk photovoltaic effect in centrosymmetric broken materials from charge to the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. We use two-dimensional nonmagnetic ferroelectric materials (such as GeS and its analogs) to illustrate this bulk orbital/spin photovoltaic effect, through first-principles calculations. These materials possess a vertical mirror symmetry and time-reversal symmetry but lack of inversion symmetry. We reveal that in addition to the conventional photocurrent that propagates parallel to the mirror plane (under linearly polarized light), the symmetric forbidden photocurrent perpendicular to the mirror actually contains electrons flow, which carries angular momentum information and move oppositely. This generates a pure orbital moment current with zero electric charge current. Such hidden photo-induced pure orbital current could lead to a pure spin current via spin–orbit coupling interactions. Therefore, a four-terminal device can be designed to detect and measure photo-induced charge, orbital, and spin currents simultaneously. All these currents couple with electric polarization P, hence their amplitude and direction can be manipulated through ferroelectric phase transition. Our work provides a route to generalizing nanoscale devices from their photo-induced electronics to orbitronics and spintronics.Xingchi MuYiming PanJian ZhouNature PortfolioarticleMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492Computer softwareQA76.75-76.765ENnpj Computational Materials, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765
spellingShingle	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Computer software QA76.75-76.765 Xingchi Mu Yiming Pan Jian Zhou Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
description	Abstract We elucidate a bias-free light-induced orbital and spin current through nonlinear response theory, which generalizes the well-known bulk photovoltaic effect in centrosymmetric broken materials from charge to the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. We use two-dimensional nonmagnetic ferroelectric materials (such as GeS and its analogs) to illustrate this bulk orbital/spin photovoltaic effect, through first-principles calculations. These materials possess a vertical mirror symmetry and time-reversal symmetry but lack of inversion symmetry. We reveal that in addition to the conventional photocurrent that propagates parallel to the mirror plane (under linearly polarized light), the symmetric forbidden photocurrent perpendicular to the mirror actually contains electrons flow, which carries angular momentum information and move oppositely. This generates a pure orbital moment current with zero electric charge current. Such hidden photo-induced pure orbital current could lead to a pure spin current via spin–orbit coupling interactions. Therefore, a four-terminal device can be designed to detect and measure photo-induced charge, orbital, and spin currents simultaneously. All these currents couple with electric polarization P, hence their amplitude and direction can be manipulated through ferroelectric phase transition. Our work provides a route to generalizing nanoscale devices from their photo-induced electronics to orbitronics and spintronics.
format	article
author	Xingchi Mu Yiming Pan Jian Zhou
author_facet	Xingchi Mu Yiming Pan Jian Zhou
author_sort	Xingchi Mu
title	Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
title_short	Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
title_full	Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
title_fullStr	Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
title_full_unstemmed	Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
title_sort	pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9697380141d84a5c80724fecd41a1ced
work_keys_str_mv	AT xingchimu purebulkorbitalandspinphotocurrentintwodimensionalferroelectricmaterials AT yimingpan purebulkorbitalandspinphotocurrentintwodimensionalferroelectricmaterials AT jianzhou purebulkorbitalandspinphotocurrentintwodimensionalferroelectricmaterials
_version_	1718389884415115264

Pure bulk orbital and spin photocurrent in two-dimensional ferroelectric materials

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