Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review

(1) Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s top infectious killers, in fact every year 10 million people fall ill with TB and 1.5 million people die from TB. Vitamins have an important role in vital functions, due to their anti-oxidant, pro-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and to metab...

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Autores principales:	Giulia Patti, Carmen Pellegrino, Aurelia Ricciardi, Roberta Novara, Sergio Cotugno, Roberta Papagni, Giacomo Guido, Valentina Totaro, Giuseppina De Iaco, Federica Romanelli, Stefania Stolfa, Maria Letizia Minardi, Luigi Ronga, Ilenia Fato, Rossana Lattanzio, Davide Fiore Bavaro, Gina Gualano, Loredana Sarmati, Annalisa Saracino, Fabrizio Palmieri, Francesco Di Gennaro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	tuberculosis vitamin A vitamin B vitamin C vitamin D vitamin E Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/96a9c9457dcf4d968549808ffcaf4f98
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:96a9c9457dcf4d968549808ffcaf4f982021-11-25T16:23:24ZPotential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review10.3390/antibiotics101113542079-6382https://doaj.org/article/96a9c9457dcf4d968549808ffcaf4f982021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1354https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382(1) Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s top infectious killers, in fact every year 10 million people fall ill with TB and 1.5 million people die from TB. Vitamins have an important role in vital functions, due to their anti-oxidant, pro-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and to metabolic functions. The aim of this review is to discuss and summarize the evidence and still open questions regarding vitamin supplementation as a prophylactic measure in those who are at high risk of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB) infection and active TB; (2) Methods: We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and WHO websites starting from March 1950 to September 2021, in order to identify articles discussing the role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E and Tuberculosis; (3) Results: Supplementation with multiple micronutrients (including zinc) rather than vitamin A alone may be more beneficial in TB. The WHO recommend Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) when high-dose isoniazid is administered. High concentrations of vitamin C sterilize drug-susceptible, MDR and extensively drug-resistant MTB cultures and prevent the emergence of drug persisters; Vitamin D suppresses the replication of mycobacterium in vitro while VE showed a promising role in TB management as a result of its connection with oxidative balance; (4) Conclusions: Our review suggests and encourages the use of vitamins in TB patients. In fact, their use may improve outcomes by helping both nutritionally and by interacting directly and/or indirectly with MTB. Several and more comprehensive trials are needed to reinforce these suggestions.Giulia PattiCarmen PellegrinoAurelia RicciardiRoberta NovaraSergio CotugnoRoberta PapagniGiacomo GuidoValentina TotaroGiuseppina De IacoFederica RomanelliStefania StolfaMaria Letizia MinardiLuigi RongaIlenia FatoRossana LattanzioDavide Fiore BavaroGina GualanoLoredana SarmatiAnnalisa SaracinoFabrizio PalmieriFrancesco Di GennaroMDPI AGarticletuberculosisvitamin Avitamin Bvitamin Cvitamin Dvitamin ETherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1354, p 1354 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tuberculosis vitamin A vitamin B vitamin C vitamin D vitamin E Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	tuberculosis vitamin A vitamin B vitamin C vitamin D vitamin E Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Giulia Patti Carmen Pellegrino Aurelia Ricciardi Roberta Novara Sergio Cotugno Roberta Papagni Giacomo Guido Valentina Totaro Giuseppina De Iaco Federica Romanelli Stefania Stolfa Maria Letizia Minardi Luigi Ronga Ilenia Fato Rossana Lattanzio Davide Fiore Bavaro Gina Gualano Loredana Sarmati Annalisa Saracino Fabrizio Palmieri Francesco Di Gennaro Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
description	(1) Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s top infectious killers, in fact every year 10 million people fall ill with TB and 1.5 million people die from TB. Vitamins have an important role in vital functions, due to their anti-oxidant, pro-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and to metabolic functions. The aim of this review is to discuss and summarize the evidence and still open questions regarding vitamin supplementation as a prophylactic measure in those who are at high risk of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB) infection and active TB; (2) Methods: We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and WHO websites starting from March 1950 to September 2021, in order to identify articles discussing the role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E and Tuberculosis; (3) Results: Supplementation with multiple micronutrients (including zinc) rather than vitamin A alone may be more beneficial in TB. The WHO recommend Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) when high-dose isoniazid is administered. High concentrations of vitamin C sterilize drug-susceptible, MDR and extensively drug-resistant MTB cultures and prevent the emergence of drug persisters; Vitamin D suppresses the replication of mycobacterium in vitro while VE showed a promising role in TB management as a result of its connection with oxidative balance; (4) Conclusions: Our review suggests and encourages the use of vitamins in TB patients. In fact, their use may improve outcomes by helping both nutritionally and by interacting directly and/or indirectly with MTB. Several and more comprehensive trials are needed to reinforce these suggestions.
format	article
author	Giulia Patti Carmen Pellegrino Aurelia Ricciardi Roberta Novara Sergio Cotugno Roberta Papagni Giacomo Guido Valentina Totaro Giuseppina De Iaco Federica Romanelli Stefania Stolfa Maria Letizia Minardi Luigi Ronga Ilenia Fato Rossana Lattanzio Davide Fiore Bavaro Gina Gualano Loredana Sarmati Annalisa Saracino Fabrizio Palmieri Francesco Di Gennaro
author_facet	Giulia Patti Carmen Pellegrino Aurelia Ricciardi Roberta Novara Sergio Cotugno Roberta Papagni Giacomo Guido Valentina Totaro Giuseppina De Iaco Federica Romanelli Stefania Stolfa Maria Letizia Minardi Luigi Ronga Ilenia Fato Rossana Lattanzio Davide Fiore Bavaro Gina Gualano Loredana Sarmati Annalisa Saracino Fabrizio Palmieri Francesco Di Gennaro
author_sort	Giulia Patti
title	Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
title_short	Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
title_full	Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr	Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed	Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review
title_sort	potential role of vitamins a, b, c, d and e in tb treatment and prevention: a narrative review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/96a9c9457dcf4d968549808ffcaf4f98
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Potential Role of Vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB Treatment and Prevention: A Narrative Review

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