Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach

This study was performed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of major ions in water samples of a newly designated Ramsar site, namely Kabar Tal (KT) wetland of Bihar. Samples were collected during summer, monsoon, and winter seasons. The analytical and GIS results show that concentrati...

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Autores principales:	Deepak Gupta, Rajesh Kumar Ranjan, Purushothaman Parthasarathy, Afroz Ansari
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	gis hydrochemistry kabar tal multivariate ramsar site wetland Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/96bcb79aaa7e417c91d30c55b870157d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:96bcb79aaa7e417c91d30c55b870157d2021-11-06T11:01:33ZSpatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.115https://doaj.org/article/96bcb79aaa7e417c91d30c55b870157d2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/83/9/2100https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732This study was performed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of major ions in water samples of a newly designated Ramsar site, namely Kabar Tal (KT) wetland of Bihar. Samples were collected during summer, monsoon, and winter seasons. The analytical and GIS results show that concentration of electrical conductivity, chloride, and nitrate are higher in summer than monsoon and winter. However, the concentration of major cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are higher in winter than monsoon and summer. In addition, major anions like sulphate and phosphate concentration is higher during monsoon than summer and winter. Multivariate statistical tool (discriminant analysis) results suggest that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate, and potassium are the major parameters distinguishing the water quality in different seasons. The study confirms that seasonal variations are playing a major role in the hydrochemistry of KT wetland. Overall, this work outlines the approach towards proper conservation and utilization of wetlands and to assess the quality of surface water for determining its suitability for agricultural purposes. Overall, this work highlights the approach towards estimating the seasonal dynamics of chemical species in KT wetland and its suitability for irrigation purposes. HIGHLIGHTS Spatiotemporal assessment of surface water has been characterized through hydro-chemical studies.; Temperature, pH, EC, sulphate, and potassium, influences water chemistry.; Hydrochemical facies of surface water is of Ca2+ and Cl−; Ca2+- Mg2+ -SO42− and Cl− type.; The surface water of the wetland is of good quality for irrigation.; Detailed exploration for the water chemistry has been studied through statistical methods.;Deepak GuptaRajesh Kumar RanjanPurushothaman ParthasarathyAfroz AnsariIWA Publishingarticlegishydrochemistrykabar talmultivariateramsar sitewetlandEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 83, Iss 9, Pp 2100-2117 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gis hydrochemistry kabar tal multivariate ramsar site wetland Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	gis hydrochemistry kabar tal multivariate ramsar site wetland Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Deepak Gupta Rajesh Kumar Ranjan Purushothaman Parthasarathy Afroz Ansari Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
description	This study was performed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of major ions in water samples of a newly designated Ramsar site, namely Kabar Tal (KT) wetland of Bihar. Samples were collected during summer, monsoon, and winter seasons. The analytical and GIS results show that concentration of electrical conductivity, chloride, and nitrate are higher in summer than monsoon and winter. However, the concentration of major cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are higher in winter than monsoon and summer. In addition, major anions like sulphate and phosphate concentration is higher during monsoon than summer and winter. Multivariate statistical tool (discriminant analysis) results suggest that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate, and potassium are the major parameters distinguishing the water quality in different seasons. The study confirms that seasonal variations are playing a major role in the hydrochemistry of KT wetland. Overall, this work outlines the approach towards proper conservation and utilization of wetlands and to assess the quality of surface water for determining its suitability for agricultural purposes. Overall, this work highlights the approach towards estimating the seasonal dynamics of chemical species in KT wetland and its suitability for irrigation purposes. HIGHLIGHTS Spatiotemporal assessment of surface water has been characterized through hydro-chemical studies.; Temperature, pH, EC, sulphate, and potassium, influences water chemistry.; Hydrochemical facies of surface water is of Ca2+ and Cl−; Ca2+- Mg2+ -SO42− and Cl− type.; The surface water of the wetland is of good quality for irrigation.; Detailed exploration for the water chemistry has been studied through statistical methods.;
format	article
author	Deepak Gupta Rajesh Kumar Ranjan Purushothaman Parthasarathy Afroz Ansari
author_facet	Deepak Gupta Rajesh Kumar Ranjan Purushothaman Parthasarathy Afroz Ansari
author_sort	Deepak Gupta
title	Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
title_short	Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
title_full	Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
title_fullStr	Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
title_sort	spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of kabar tal wetland (ramsar site), bihar, india: multivariate statistical techniques and gis approach
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/96bcb79aaa7e417c91d30c55b870157d
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Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach

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