Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia

Abstract Understanding major climate risks, adaptation strategies, and factors influencing the choice of those strategies is crucial to reduce farmers’ vulnerability. Employing comprehensive data from 2822 farm households in Ethiopia and Kenya (East Africa; EA) and 1902 farm households in Bangladesh...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Jeetendra Prakash Aryal, Tek Bahadur Sapkota, Dil Bahadur Rahut, Paswel Marenya, Clare M. Stirling
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/96e9a163b7f44ada85c4f6ddd113b774
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:96e9a163b7f44ada85c4f6ddd113b774
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:96e9a163b7f44ada85c4f6ddd113b7742021-12-02T15:52:25ZClimate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia10.1038/s41598-021-89391-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/96e9a163b7f44ada85c4f6ddd113b7742021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89391-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Understanding major climate risks, adaptation strategies, and factors influencing the choice of those strategies is crucial to reduce farmers’ vulnerability. Employing comprehensive data from 2822 farm households in Ethiopia and Kenya (East Africa; EA) and 1902 farm households in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal (South Asia; SA), this study investigates the main climate risks that farmers faced and the adaptation strategies they used. Among others, excessive rainfall and heightened crop pest/disease incidence are commonly observed climate-induced risks in all study areas, while cyclones and salinity are unique to Bangladesh. Drought is prevalent in Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and Nepal. Farmers in those countries responded with strategies that include change in farming practices, sustainable land management, reduce consumption, sell assets, use savings and borrowings, seek alternative employment and assistance from government or NGO. In general, farmers faced several multiple climate risks simultaneously and they responded with multiple adaptation strategies. Therefore, this study used a multivariate probit (MVP) approach to examine the factors influencing the adoption of adaptation strategies. Unlike other studies, we also tested and corrected for possible endogeneity in model estimation. All the countries mentioned have low adaptive capacity to address climate change, which is further weakened by inadequate governance and inefficient institutions. We observed significant differences in the choice of adaptation strategies between male-headed households (MHHs) and female-headed households (FHHs), as well as across countries. Generally, MHHs are more likely to seek additional employment and change agricultural practices, while FHHs and households headed by older persons tend to reduce consumption and rely on savings and borrowings. Institutional support for adaptation is much less in EA compared to SA. Training on alternative farming practices, enhancing non-farm employment options, better institutional support, and social security for older farmers are crucial for climate change adaptation in both regions.Jeetendra Prakash AryalTek Bahadur SapkotaDil Bahadur RahutPaswel MarenyaClare M. StirlingNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jeetendra Prakash Aryal Tek Bahadur Sapkota Dil Bahadur Rahut Paswel Marenya Clare M. Stirling Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
description	Abstract Understanding major climate risks, adaptation strategies, and factors influencing the choice of those strategies is crucial to reduce farmers’ vulnerability. Employing comprehensive data from 2822 farm households in Ethiopia and Kenya (East Africa; EA) and 1902 farm households in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal (South Asia; SA), this study investigates the main climate risks that farmers faced and the adaptation strategies they used. Among others, excessive rainfall and heightened crop pest/disease incidence are commonly observed climate-induced risks in all study areas, while cyclones and salinity are unique to Bangladesh. Drought is prevalent in Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and Nepal. Farmers in those countries responded with strategies that include change in farming practices, sustainable land management, reduce consumption, sell assets, use savings and borrowings, seek alternative employment and assistance from government or NGO. In general, farmers faced several multiple climate risks simultaneously and they responded with multiple adaptation strategies. Therefore, this study used a multivariate probit (MVP) approach to examine the factors influencing the adoption of adaptation strategies. Unlike other studies, we also tested and corrected for possible endogeneity in model estimation. All the countries mentioned have low adaptive capacity to address climate change, which is further weakened by inadequate governance and inefficient institutions. We observed significant differences in the choice of adaptation strategies between male-headed households (MHHs) and female-headed households (FHHs), as well as across countries. Generally, MHHs are more likely to seek additional employment and change agricultural practices, while FHHs and households headed by older persons tend to reduce consumption and rely on savings and borrowings. Institutional support for adaptation is much less in EA compared to SA. Training on alternative farming practices, enhancing non-farm employment options, better institutional support, and social security for older farmers are crucial for climate change adaptation in both regions.
format	article
author	Jeetendra Prakash Aryal Tek Bahadur Sapkota Dil Bahadur Rahut Paswel Marenya Clare M. Stirling
author_facet	Jeetendra Prakash Aryal Tek Bahadur Sapkota Dil Bahadur Rahut Paswel Marenya Clare M. Stirling
author_sort	Jeetendra Prakash Aryal
title	Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
title_short	Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
title_full	Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
title_fullStr	Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
title_full_unstemmed	Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia
title_sort	climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in east africa and south asia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/96e9a163b7f44ada85c4f6ddd113b774
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeetendraprakasharyal climaterisksandadaptationstrategiesoffarmersineastafricaandsouthasia AT tekbahadursapkota climaterisksandadaptationstrategiesoffarmersineastafricaandsouthasia AT dilbahadurrahut climaterisksandadaptationstrategiesoffarmersineastafricaandsouthasia AT paswelmarenya climaterisksandadaptationstrategiesoffarmersineastafricaandsouthasia AT claremstirling climaterisksandadaptationstrategiesoffarmersineastafricaandsouthasia
_version_	1718385586355568640

Climate risks and adaptation strategies of farmers in East Africa and South Asia

Ejemplares similares