<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack

ABSTRACT A diverse set of prophage-mediated mechanisms protecting bacterial hosts from infection has been recently uncovered within cluster N mycobacteriophages isolated on the host, Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155. In that context, we unveil a novel defense mechanism in cluster N prophage Butters. B...

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Autores principales:	Catherine M. Mageeney, Hamidu T. Mohammed, Marta Dies, Samira Anbari, Netta Cudkevich, Yanyan Chen, Javier Buceta, Vassie C. Ware
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Mycobacterium defense mechanisms mycobacteriophage prophage viral defense Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/96f8b51550b148b989898ba60538a958
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:96f8b51550b148b989898ba60538a9582021-12-02T19:46:20Z<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack10.1128/mSystems.00534-202379-5077https://doaj.org/article/96f8b51550b148b989898ba60538a9582020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00534-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT A diverse set of prophage-mediated mechanisms protecting bacterial hosts from infection has been recently uncovered within cluster N mycobacteriophages isolated on the host, Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155. In that context, we unveil a novel defense mechanism in cluster N prophage Butters. By using bioinformatics analyses, phage plating efficiency experiments, microscopy, and immunoprecipitation assays, we show that Butters genes located in the central region of the genome play a key role in the defense against heterotypic viral attack. Our study suggests that a two-component system, articulated by interactions between protein products of genes 30 and 31, confers defense against heterotypic phage infection by PurpleHaze (cluster A/subcluster A3) or Alma (cluster A/subcluster A9) but is insufficient to confer defense against attack by the heterotypic phage Island3 (cluster I/subcluster I1). Therefore, based on heterotypic phage plating efficiencies on the Butters lysogen, additional prophage genes required for defense are implicated and further show specificity of prophage-encoded defense systems. IMPORTANCE Many sequenced bacterial genomes, including those of pathogenic bacteria, contain prophages. Some prophages encode defense systems that protect their bacterial host against heterotypic viral attack. Understanding the mechanisms undergirding these defense systems is crucial to appreciate the scope of bacterial immunity against viral infections and will be critical for better implementation of phage therapy that would require evasion of these defenses. Furthermore, such knowledge of prophage-encoded defense mechanisms may be useful for developing novel genetic tools for engineering phage-resistant bacteria of industrial importance.Catherine M. MageeneyHamidu T. MohammedMarta DiesSamira AnbariNetta CudkevichYanyan ChenJavier BucetaVassie C. WareAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMycobacteriumdefense mechanismsmycobacteriophageprophageviral defenseMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 5 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Mycobacterium defense mechanisms mycobacteriophage prophage viral defense Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Mycobacterium defense mechanisms mycobacteriophage prophage viral defense Microbiology QR1-502 Catherine M. Mageeney Hamidu T. Mohammed Marta Dies Samira Anbari Netta Cudkevich Yanyan Chen Javier Buceta Vassie C. Ware <italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
description	ABSTRACT A diverse set of prophage-mediated mechanisms protecting bacterial hosts from infection has been recently uncovered within cluster N mycobacteriophages isolated on the host, Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155. In that context, we unveil a novel defense mechanism in cluster N prophage Butters. By using bioinformatics analyses, phage plating efficiency experiments, microscopy, and immunoprecipitation assays, we show that Butters genes located in the central region of the genome play a key role in the defense against heterotypic viral attack. Our study suggests that a two-component system, articulated by interactions between protein products of genes 30 and 31, confers defense against heterotypic phage infection by PurpleHaze (cluster A/subcluster A3) or Alma (cluster A/subcluster A9) but is insufficient to confer defense against attack by the heterotypic phage Island3 (cluster I/subcluster I1). Therefore, based on heterotypic phage plating efficiencies on the Butters lysogen, additional prophage genes required for defense are implicated and further show specificity of prophage-encoded defense systems. IMPORTANCE Many sequenced bacterial genomes, including those of pathogenic bacteria, contain prophages. Some prophages encode defense systems that protect their bacterial host against heterotypic viral attack. Understanding the mechanisms undergirding these defense systems is crucial to appreciate the scope of bacterial immunity against viral infections and will be critical for better implementation of phage therapy that would require evasion of these defenses. Furthermore, such knowledge of prophage-encoded defense mechanisms may be useful for developing novel genetic tools for engineering phage-resistant bacteria of industrial importance.
format	article
author	Catherine M. Mageeney Hamidu T. Mohammed Marta Dies Samira Anbari Netta Cudkevich Yanyan Chen Javier Buceta Vassie C. Ware
author_facet	Catherine M. Mageeney Hamidu T. Mohammed Marta Dies Samira Anbari Netta Cudkevich Yanyan Chen Javier Buceta Vassie C. Ware
author_sort	Catherine M. Mageeney
title	<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
title_short	<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
title_full	<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
title_fullStr	<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
title_full_unstemmed	<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack
title_sort	<italic toggle="yes">mycobacterium</italic> phage butters-encoded proteins contribute to host defense against viral attack
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/96f8b51550b148b989898ba60538a958
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<italic toggle="yes">Mycobacterium</italic> Phage Butters-Encoded Proteins Contribute to Host Defense against Viral Attack

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