Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions

Jose G Castro1, Maya Morrison-Bryant21Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; 2Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program, Miami, Florida, USAAbstract: The discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency V...

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Autores principales:	Jose G Castro, Maya Morrison-Bryant
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/970b179b600945fbb3e7f8c3d4bb5ee9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:970b179b600945fbb3e7f8c3d4bb5ee92021-12-02T02:04:05ZManagement of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/970b179b600945fbb3e7f8c3d4bb5ee92010-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/management-of-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-hiv-infected-patient-a4658https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Jose G Castro1, Maya Morrison-Bryant21Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; 2Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program, Miami, Florida, USAAbstract: The discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was led by the merge of clustered cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in otherwise healthy people in the early 80&rsquo;s.1,2 In the face of sophisticated treatment now available for HIV infection, life expectancy approaches normal limits. It has dramatically changed the natural course of HIV from a nearly fatal infection to a chronic disease.3&ndash;5 However, PCP still remains a relatively common presentation of uncontrolled HIV. Despite the knowledge and advances gained in the prevention and management of PCP infection, it continues to have high morbidity and mortality rates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) remains as the recommended first-line treatment. Alternatives include pentamidine, dapsone plus trimethoprim, clindamycin administered with primaquine, and atovaquone. For optimal management, clinicians need to be familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of the available drugs. The parameters used to classify severity of infection are also important, as it is well known that the adjunctive use of steroids in moderate to severe cases have been shown to significantly improve outcome. Evolving management practices, such as the successful institution of early antiretroviral therapy, may further enhance overall survival rates.Keywords: HIV, Pneumocystis Jirovecii, PCP, TMP-SMZ Jose G CastroMaya Morrison-BryantDove Medical PressarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 123-134 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Jose G Castro Maya Morrison-Bryant Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
description	Jose G Castro1, Maya Morrison-Bryant21Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; 2Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program, Miami, Florida, USAAbstract: The discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was led by the merge of clustered cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in otherwise healthy people in the early 80&rsquo;s.1,2 In the face of sophisticated treatment now available for HIV infection, life expectancy approaches normal limits. It has dramatically changed the natural course of HIV from a nearly fatal infection to a chronic disease.3&ndash;5 However, PCP still remains a relatively common presentation of uncontrolled HIV. Despite the knowledge and advances gained in the prevention and management of PCP infection, it continues to have high morbidity and mortality rates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) remains as the recommended first-line treatment. Alternatives include pentamidine, dapsone plus trimethoprim, clindamycin administered with primaquine, and atovaquone. For optimal management, clinicians need to be familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of the available drugs. The parameters used to classify severity of infection are also important, as it is well known that the adjunctive use of steroids in moderate to severe cases have been shown to significantly improve outcome. Evolving management practices, such as the successful institution of early antiretroviral therapy, may further enhance overall survival rates.Keywords: HIV, Pneumocystis Jirovecii, PCP, TMP-SMZ
format	article
author	Jose G Castro Maya Morrison-Bryant
author_facet	Jose G Castro Maya Morrison-Bryant
author_sort	Jose G Castro
title	Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
title_short	Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
title_full	Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
title_fullStr	Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
title_full_unstemmed	Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
title_sort	management of pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in hiv infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/970b179b600945fbb3e7f8c3d4bb5ee9
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Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions

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