Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination

Abstract Complete theoretical understanding of the most complex superconductors requires a detailed knowledge of the symmetry of the superconducting energy-gap $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α , for all momenta k on the Fermi surface of every band α. While there are a variety of tec...

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Autores principales:	Rahul Sharma, Andreas Kreisel, Miguel Antonio Sulangi, Jakob Böker, Andrey Kostin, Milan P. Allan, H. Eisaki, Anna E. Böhmer, Paul C. Canfield, Ilya Eremin, J. C. Séamus Davis, P. J. Hirschfeld, Peter O. Sprau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter QC170-197
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97145cbfdfec440a8f2c15b397204a4b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97145cbfdfec440a8f2c15b397204a4b2021-12-02T15:59:41ZMulti-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination10.1038/s41535-020-00303-42397-4648https://doaj.org/article/97145cbfdfec440a8f2c15b397204a4b2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-020-00303-4https://doaj.org/toc/2397-4648Abstract Complete theoretical understanding of the most complex superconductors requires a detailed knowledge of the symmetry of the superconducting energy-gap $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α , for all momenta k on the Fermi surface of every band α. While there are a variety of techniques for determining $$\|{\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha \|$$ ∣ Δ k α ∣ , no general method existed to measure the signed values of $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α . Recently, however, a technique based on phase-resolved visualization of superconducting quasiparticle interference (QPI) patterns, centered on a single non-magnetic impurity atom, was introduced. In principle, energy-resolved and phase-resolved Fourier analysis of these images identifies wavevectors connecting all k-space regions where $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α has the same or opposite sign. But use of a single isolated impurity atom, from whose precise location the spatial phase of the scattering interference pattern must be measured, is technically difficult. Here we introduce a generalization of this approach for use with multiple impurity atoms, and demonstrate its validity by comparing the $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α it generates to the $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α determined from single-atom scattering in FeSe where s± energy-gap symmetry is established. Finally, to exemplify utility, we use the multi-atom technique on LiFeAs and find scattering interference between the hole-like and electron-like pockets as predicted for $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α of opposite sign.Rahul SharmaAndreas KreiselMiguel Antonio SulangiJakob BökerAndrey KostinMilan P. AllanH. EisakiAnna E. BöhmerPaul C. CanfieldIlya EreminJ. C. Séamus DavisP. J. HirschfeldPeter O. SprauNature PortfolioarticleMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matterQC170-197ENnpj Quantum Materials, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter QC170-197
spellingShingle	Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter QC170-197 Rahul Sharma Andreas Kreisel Miguel Antonio Sulangi Jakob Böker Andrey Kostin Milan P. Allan H. Eisaki Anna E. Böhmer Paul C. Canfield Ilya Eremin J. C. Séamus Davis P. J. Hirschfeld Peter O. Sprau Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
description	Abstract Complete theoretical understanding of the most complex superconductors requires a detailed knowledge of the symmetry of the superconducting energy-gap $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α , for all momenta k on the Fermi surface of every band α. While there are a variety of techniques for determining $$\|{\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha \|$$ ∣ Δ k α ∣ , no general method existed to measure the signed values of $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α . Recently, however, a technique based on phase-resolved visualization of superconducting quasiparticle interference (QPI) patterns, centered on a single non-magnetic impurity atom, was introduced. In principle, energy-resolved and phase-resolved Fourier analysis of these images identifies wavevectors connecting all k-space regions where $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α has the same or opposite sign. But use of a single isolated impurity atom, from whose precise location the spatial phase of the scattering interference pattern must be measured, is technically difficult. Here we introduce a generalization of this approach for use with multiple impurity atoms, and demonstrate its validity by comparing the $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α it generates to the $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α determined from single-atom scattering in FeSe where s± energy-gap symmetry is established. Finally, to exemplify utility, we use the multi-atom technique on LiFeAs and find scattering interference between the hole-like and electron-like pockets as predicted for $${\mathrm{{\Delta}}}_{\mathbf{k}}^\alpha$$ Δ k α of opposite sign.
format	article
author	Rahul Sharma Andreas Kreisel Miguel Antonio Sulangi Jakob Böker Andrey Kostin Milan P. Allan H. Eisaki Anna E. Böhmer Paul C. Canfield Ilya Eremin J. C. Séamus Davis P. J. Hirschfeld Peter O. Sprau
author_facet	Rahul Sharma Andreas Kreisel Miguel Antonio Sulangi Jakob Böker Andrey Kostin Milan P. Allan H. Eisaki Anna E. Böhmer Paul C. Canfield Ilya Eremin J. C. Séamus Davis P. J. Hirschfeld Peter O. Sprau
author_sort	Rahul Sharma
title	Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
title_short	Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
title_full	Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
title_fullStr	Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
title_full_unstemmed	Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
title_sort	multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/97145cbfdfec440a8f2c15b397204a4b
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Multi-atom quasiparticle scattering interference for superconductor energy-gap symmetry determination

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