Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions

Abstract Volcanic flank collapses and explosive eruptions are among the largest and most destructive processes on Earth. Events at Mount St. Helens in May 1980 demonstrated how a relatively small (<5 km3) flank collapse on a terrestrial volcano could immediately precede a devastating eruption. Th...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	James E. Hunt, Michael Cassidy, Peter J. Talling
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97214d8b659944d99db9d7f9df0aa659
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:97214d8b659944d99db9d7f9df0aa659
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97214d8b659944d99db9d7f9df0aa6592021-12-02T11:40:47ZMulti-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions10.1038/s41598-018-19285-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/97214d8b659944d99db9d7f9df0aa6592018-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19285-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Volcanic flank collapses and explosive eruptions are among the largest and most destructive processes on Earth. Events at Mount St. Helens in May 1980 demonstrated how a relatively small (<5 km3) flank collapse on a terrestrial volcano could immediately precede a devastating eruption. The lateral collapse of volcanic island flanks, such as in the Canary Islands, can be far larger (>300 km3), but can also occur in complex multiple stages. Here, we show that multistage retrogressive landslides on Tenerife triggered explosive caldera-forming eruptions, including the Diego Hernandez, Guajara and Ucanca caldera eruptions. Geochemical analyses were performed on volcanic glasses recovered from marine sedimentary deposits, called turbidites, associated with each individual stage of each multistage landslide. These analyses indicate only the lattermost stages of subaerial flank failure contain materials originating from respective coeval explosive eruption, suggesting that initial more voluminous submarine stages of multi-stage flank collapse induce these aforementioned explosive eruption. Furthermore, there are extended time lags identified between the individual stages of multi-stage collapse, and thus an extended time lag between the initial submarine stages of failure and the onset of subsequent explosive eruption. This time lag succeeding landslide-generated static decompression has implications for the response of magmatic systems to un-roofing and poses a significant implication for ocean island volcanism and civil emergency planning.James E. HuntMichael CassidyPeter J. TallingNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q James E. Hunt Michael Cassidy Peter J. Talling Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
description	Abstract Volcanic flank collapses and explosive eruptions are among the largest and most destructive processes on Earth. Events at Mount St. Helens in May 1980 demonstrated how a relatively small (<5 km3) flank collapse on a terrestrial volcano could immediately precede a devastating eruption. The lateral collapse of volcanic island flanks, such as in the Canary Islands, can be far larger (>300 km3), but can also occur in complex multiple stages. Here, we show that multistage retrogressive landslides on Tenerife triggered explosive caldera-forming eruptions, including the Diego Hernandez, Guajara and Ucanca caldera eruptions. Geochemical analyses were performed on volcanic glasses recovered from marine sedimentary deposits, called turbidites, associated with each individual stage of each multistage landslide. These analyses indicate only the lattermost stages of subaerial flank failure contain materials originating from respective coeval explosive eruption, suggesting that initial more voluminous submarine stages of multi-stage flank collapse induce these aforementioned explosive eruption. Furthermore, there are extended time lags identified between the individual stages of multi-stage collapse, and thus an extended time lag between the initial submarine stages of failure and the onset of subsequent explosive eruption. This time lag succeeding landslide-generated static decompression has implications for the response of magmatic systems to un-roofing and poses a significant implication for ocean island volcanism and civil emergency planning.
format	article
author	James E. Hunt Michael Cassidy Peter J. Talling
author_facet	James E. Hunt Michael Cassidy Peter J. Talling
author_sort	James E. Hunt
title	Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
title_short	Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
title_full	Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
title_fullStr	Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
title_full_unstemmed	Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
title_sort	multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/97214d8b659944d99db9d7f9df0aa659
work_keys_str_mv	AT jamesehunt multistagevolcanicislandflankcollapseswithcoevalexplosivecalderaformingeruptions AT michaelcassidy multistagevolcanicislandflankcollapseswithcoevalexplosivecalderaformingeruptions AT peterjtalling multistagevolcanicislandflankcollapseswithcoevalexplosivecalderaformingeruptions
_version_	1718395531108024320

Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions

Ejemplares similares