Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.

Pharmaceuticals and their packaging have a significant negative impact on the environment providing a very strong argument for action on the part of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians to engage with pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) in their workplaces. The aims of this research were therefore t...

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Autores principales:	Judith A Singleton, Esther T-L Lau, Lisa M Nissen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9739fd8eddd64122a5976b5879109f6d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9739fd8eddd64122a5976b5879109f6d2021-12-02T20:17:51ZDo legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255445https://doaj.org/article/9739fd8eddd64122a5976b5879109f6d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255445https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Pharmaceuticals and their packaging have a significant negative impact on the environment providing a very strong argument for action on the part of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians to engage with pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) in their workplaces. The aims of this research were therefore to investigate in hospital pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, 1) factors affecting engagement with workplace PEBs, and 2) determine if legislated carbon reduction targets in the UK influenced workplace PEBs in the UK compared with Australia which does not have legislated carbon reduction targets. The environmentally responsible disposal of pharmaceutical waste was the PEB of interest in this study. A mixed methods research design was utilised and a conceptual model (key variables: environmental attitude, concern, and knowledge, and organisational factors) was developed to identify factors influencing workplace PEBs. Participants were from five hospitals in Queensland, Australia and five NHS hospitals in England, UK. There was no statistically significant difference in environmental attitude or concern between the two groups-most had a mid-environmental attitude score and low levels of environmental concern. Participants lacked knowledge of the issue and the link between the environment and public health. Both Australian and UK participants reported recycling packaging waste was not a priority in the hospital pharmacy workplace (even in hospitals with recycling capability) as hospitals focused on compliance with clinical (contaminated) and confidential waste streams. Environmental attitude, knowledge, and concern therefore appeared to be weak influences on intention to perform workplace PEBs with workplace social norms (compliance due to audits) appearing to be a significant mediator of action. The key difference between the cohorts was that UK pharmacists felt waste was not in the scope of their role, and therefore not their responsibility. This study identified that legislated carbon reduction targets did not influence hospital pharmacy workplace PEBs-neither cohort reported engaging significantly in workplace PEBs. UK Government and NHS sustainability policy did not appear to have disseminated to pharmacy department level of UK public hospitals to any great extent.Judith A SingletonEsther T-L LauLisa M NissenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255445 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Judith A Singleton Esther T-L Lau Lisa M Nissen Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
description	Pharmaceuticals and their packaging have a significant negative impact on the environment providing a very strong argument for action on the part of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians to engage with pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) in their workplaces. The aims of this research were therefore to investigate in hospital pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, 1) factors affecting engagement with workplace PEBs, and 2) determine if legislated carbon reduction targets in the UK influenced workplace PEBs in the UK compared with Australia which does not have legislated carbon reduction targets. The environmentally responsible disposal of pharmaceutical waste was the PEB of interest in this study. A mixed methods research design was utilised and a conceptual model (key variables: environmental attitude, concern, and knowledge, and organisational factors) was developed to identify factors influencing workplace PEBs. Participants were from five hospitals in Queensland, Australia and five NHS hospitals in England, UK. There was no statistically significant difference in environmental attitude or concern between the two groups-most had a mid-environmental attitude score and low levels of environmental concern. Participants lacked knowledge of the issue and the link between the environment and public health. Both Australian and UK participants reported recycling packaging waste was not a priority in the hospital pharmacy workplace (even in hospitals with recycling capability) as hospitals focused on compliance with clinical (contaminated) and confidential waste streams. Environmental attitude, knowledge, and concern therefore appeared to be weak influences on intention to perform workplace PEBs with workplace social norms (compliance due to audits) appearing to be a significant mediator of action. The key difference between the cohorts was that UK pharmacists felt waste was not in the scope of their role, and therefore not their responsibility. This study identified that legislated carbon reduction targets did not influence hospital pharmacy workplace PEBs-neither cohort reported engaging significantly in workplace PEBs. UK Government and NHS sustainability policy did not appear to have disseminated to pharmacy department level of UK public hospitals to any great extent.
format	article
author	Judith A Singleton Esther T-L Lau Lisa M Nissen
author_facet	Judith A Singleton Esther T-L Lau Lisa M Nissen
author_sort	Judith A Singleton
title	Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
title_short	Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
title_full	Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
title_fullStr	Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
title_full_unstemmed	Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.
title_sort	do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? using mixed methods to compare australia and the uk.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9739fd8eddd64122a5976b5879109f6d
work_keys_str_mv	AT judithasingleton dolegislatedcarbonreductiontargetsinfluenceproenvironmentalbehavioursinpublichospitalpharmacydepartmentsusingmixedmethodstocompareaustraliaandtheuk AT esthertllau dolegislatedcarbonreductiontargetsinfluenceproenvironmentalbehavioursinpublichospitalpharmacydepartmentsusingmixedmethodstocompareaustraliaandtheuk AT lisamnissen dolegislatedcarbonreductiontargetsinfluenceproenvironmentalbehavioursinpublichospitalpharmacydepartmentsusingmixedmethodstocompareaustraliaandtheuk
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Do legislated carbon reduction targets influence pro-environmental behaviours in public hospital pharmacy departments? Using mixed methods to compare Australia and the UK.

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