Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals

Abstract Language perception studies on bilinguals often show that words that share form and meaning across languages (cognates) are easier to process than words that share only meaning. This facilitatory phenomenon is known as the cognate effect. Most previous studies have shown this effect visuall...

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Autores principales:	Candice Frances, Eugenia Navarra-Barindelli, Clara D. Martin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/977d7e7cc9694f46a81a43f8ddfaca08
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:977d7e7cc9694f46a81a43f8ddfaca082021-12-02T17:40:47ZInhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals10.1038/s41598-021-92259-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/977d7e7cc9694f46a81a43f8ddfaca082021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92259-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Language perception studies on bilinguals often show that words that share form and meaning across languages (cognates) are easier to process than words that share only meaning. This facilitatory phenomenon is known as the cognate effect. Most previous studies have shown this effect visually, whereas the auditory modality as well as the interplay between type of similarity and modality remain largely unexplored. In this study, highly proficient late Spanish–English bilinguals carried out a lexical decision task in their second language, both visually and auditorily. Words had high or low phonological and orthographic similarity, fully crossed. We also included orthographically identical words (perfect cognates). Our results suggest that similarity in the same modality (i.e., orthographic similarity in the visual modality and phonological similarity in the auditory modality) leads to improved signal detection, whereas similarity across modalities hinders it. We provide support for the idea that perfect cognates are a special category within cognates. Results suggest a need for a conceptual and practical separation between types of similarity in cognate studies. The theoretical implication is that the representations of items are active in both modalities of the non-target language during language processing, which needs to be incorporated to our current processing models.Candice FrancesEugenia Navarra-BarindelliClara D. MartinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Candice Frances Eugenia Navarra-Barindelli Clara D. Martin Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
description	Abstract Language perception studies on bilinguals often show that words that share form and meaning across languages (cognates) are easier to process than words that share only meaning. This facilitatory phenomenon is known as the cognate effect. Most previous studies have shown this effect visually, whereas the auditory modality as well as the interplay between type of similarity and modality remain largely unexplored. In this study, highly proficient late Spanish–English bilinguals carried out a lexical decision task in their second language, both visually and auditorily. Words had high or low phonological and orthographic similarity, fully crossed. We also included orthographically identical words (perfect cognates). Our results suggest that similarity in the same modality (i.e., orthographic similarity in the visual modality and phonological similarity in the auditory modality) leads to improved signal detection, whereas similarity across modalities hinders it. We provide support for the idea that perfect cognates are a special category within cognates. Results suggest a need for a conceptual and practical separation between types of similarity in cognate studies. The theoretical implication is that the representations of items are active in both modalities of the non-target language during language processing, which needs to be incorporated to our current processing models.
format	article
author	Candice Frances Eugenia Navarra-Barindelli Clara D. Martin
author_facet	Candice Frances Eugenia Navarra-Barindelli Clara D. Martin
author_sort	Candice Frances
title	Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
title_short	Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
title_full	Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
title_fullStr	Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
title_full_unstemmed	Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
title_sort	inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on l2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/977d7e7cc9694f46a81a43f8ddfaca08
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_version_	1718379777244528640

Inhibitory and facilitatory effects of phonological and orthographic similarity on L2 word recognition across modalities in bilinguals

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