Elevated APE1/Ref-1 Levels of Synovial Fluids in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Reflection of Disease Activity
There is growing evidence that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) regulates inflammatory responses. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized with synovitis and joint destruction. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the rela...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Language: | EN |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/9787769bfdcb4012916a05dfc53e461c |
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| Summary: | There is growing evidence that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) regulates inflammatory responses. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized with synovitis and joint destruction. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the relationship between APE1/Ref-1 and RA. Serum and synovial fluid (SF) were collected from 46 patients with RA, 45 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and 30 healthy control (HC) patients. The concentration of APE1/Ref-1 in serum or SF was measured using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The disease activity in RA patients was measured using the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28). The serum APE1/Ref-1 levels in RA patients were significantly increased compared to HC and OA patients (0.44 ± 0.39 ng/mL for RA group vs. 0.19 ± 0.14 ng/mL for HC group, <i>p</i> < 0.05 and vs. 0.19 ± 0.11 ng/mL for OA group, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Likewise, the APE1/Ref-1 levels of SF in RA patients were also significantly increased compared to OA patients (0.68 ± 0.30 ng/mL for RA group vs. 0.31 ± 0.12 ng/mL for OA group, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The APE1/Ref-1 concentration in SF of RA patients was positively correlated with DAS28. Thus, APE1/Ref-1 may reflect the joint inflammation and be associated with disease activity in RA. |
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