Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach

The restoration of the livelihood of forest-based communities is an important element of forest conservation. In this study, we developed a framework of restorative justice to critically evaluate the fairness and equity of the management of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), which is often consider...

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Autores principales:	Liyuan Zhu, Kevin Lo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Non-timber forest products Restorative justice Forest conservation Livelihood restoration China Forestry SD1-669.5 Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97b679fe4f334c019ebdb41277d42986
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97b679fe4f334c019ebdb41277d429862021-12-04T04:36:10ZNon-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach2666-719310.1016/j.tfp.2021.100130https://doaj.org/article/97b679fe4f334c019ebdb41277d429862021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666719321000698https://doaj.org/toc/2666-7193The restoration of the livelihood of forest-based communities is an important element of forest conservation. In this study, we developed a framework of restorative justice to critically evaluate the fairness and equity of the management of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), which is often considered an important means of livelihood restoration in forest conservation. The framework, consisting of three tenets—recognitional, procedural, and distributive justice—was applied to an ethnographic study conducted in the Greater Khingan Range—a key site of forest conservation in China. The findings reveal that attempts to commercialize and use NTFPs have failed to achieve restorative justice. From the perspective of recognition justice, which concerns the different viewpoints being considered in decision-making, there is an imbalance in representation—higher-level government's preferences for certain action result in the creation of political projects, even though they are not likely to succeed, whereas local, bottom-up NTFP projects are ignored and under-supported by the government. From the procedural perspective, the lack of engagement of experts and participation of public undermines the quality of NTFP projects and the implementation of NTFP management policies. From the distribution perspective, the opportunities to gain benefits from NTFP projects are not equally distributed between state-owned forestry enterprise (SOFE) workers and non-workers. These findings show that it is important to incorporate fairness and equity issues considerations in the design and evaluation of NTFP projects, and our restorative justice framework provides an analytical basis to do so.Liyuan ZhuKevin LoElsevierarticleNon-timber forest productsRestorative justiceForest conservationLivelihood restorationChinaForestrySD1-669.5Plant ecologyQK900-989ENTrees, Forests and People, Vol 6, Iss , Pp 100130- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Non-timber forest products Restorative justice Forest conservation Livelihood restoration China Forestry SD1-669.5 Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	Non-timber forest products Restorative justice Forest conservation Livelihood restoration China Forestry SD1-669.5 Plant ecology QK900-989 Liyuan Zhu Kevin Lo Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
description	The restoration of the livelihood of forest-based communities is an important element of forest conservation. In this study, we developed a framework of restorative justice to critically evaluate the fairness and equity of the management of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), which is often considered an important means of livelihood restoration in forest conservation. The framework, consisting of three tenets—recognitional, procedural, and distributive justice—was applied to an ethnographic study conducted in the Greater Khingan Range—a key site of forest conservation in China. The findings reveal that attempts to commercialize and use NTFPs have failed to achieve restorative justice. From the perspective of recognition justice, which concerns the different viewpoints being considered in decision-making, there is an imbalance in representation—higher-level government's preferences for certain action result in the creation of political projects, even though they are not likely to succeed, whereas local, bottom-up NTFP projects are ignored and under-supported by the government. From the procedural perspective, the lack of engagement of experts and participation of public undermines the quality of NTFP projects and the implementation of NTFP management policies. From the distribution perspective, the opportunities to gain benefits from NTFP projects are not equally distributed between state-owned forestry enterprise (SOFE) workers and non-workers. These findings show that it is important to incorporate fairness and equity issues considerations in the design and evaluation of NTFP projects, and our restorative justice framework provides an analytical basis to do so.
format	article
author	Liyuan Zhu Kevin Lo
author_facet	Liyuan Zhu Kevin Lo
author_sort	Liyuan Zhu
title	Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
title_short	Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
title_full	Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
title_fullStr	Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
title_full_unstemmed	Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach
title_sort	non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: a restorative justice approach
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/97b679fe4f334c019ebdb41277d42986
work_keys_str_mv	AT liyuanzhu nontimberforestproductsaslivelihoodrestorationinforestconservationarestorativejusticeapproach AT kevinlo nontimberforestproductsaslivelihoodrestorationinforestconservationarestorativejusticeapproach
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Non-timber forest products as livelihood restoration in forest conservation: A restorative justice approach

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