Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants

Background. Recently, an outbreak of a novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a world health concern leading to severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Virus transmission occurs through person-to-person contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated hands or surfaces. Accordingly, we...

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Autor principal:	Abdolmajid Fadaei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Technology T Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97bcc1cd52a34f929034fda5e5227116
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97bcc1cd52a34f929034fda5e52271162021-11-08T02:35:42ZViral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants1537-744X10.1155/2021/9342748https://doaj.org/article/97bcc1cd52a34f929034fda5e52271162021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9342748https://doaj.org/toc/1537-744XBackground. Recently, an outbreak of a novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a world health concern leading to severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Virus transmission occurs through person-to-person contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated hands or surfaces. Accordingly, we aim at reviewing the literature on all information available about the persistence of coronaviruses, including human and animal coronaviruses, on inanimate surfaces and inactivation strategies with biocides employed for chemical and physical disinfection. Method. A comprehensive search was systematically conducted in main databases from 1998 to 2020 to identify various viral disinfectants associated with HCoV and methods for control and prevention of this newly emerged virus. Results. The analysis of 62 studies shows that human coronaviruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV), canine coronavirus (CCV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) can be efficiently inactivated by physical and chemical disinfectants at different concentrations (70, 80, 85, and 95%) of 2-propanol (70 and 80%) in less than or equal to 60 s and 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite within 1 minute. Additionally, glutaraldehyde (0.5–2%), formaldehyde (0.7–1%), and povidone-iodine (0.1–0.75%) could readily inactivate coronaviruses. Moreover, dry heat at 56°C, ultraviolet light dose of 0.2 to 140 J/cm2, and gamma irradiation could effectively inactivate coronavirus. The WHO recommends the use of 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution or an ethanol-based disinfectant with an ethanol concentration between 62% and 71%. Conclusion. The results of the present study can help researchers, policymakers, health decision makers, and people perceive and take the correct measures to control and prevent further transmission of COVID-19. Prevention and decontamination will be the main ways to stop the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19.Abdolmajid FadaeiHindawi LimitedarticleTechnologyTMedicineRScienceQENThe Scientific World Journal, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Technology T Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Technology T Medicine R Science Q Abdolmajid Fadaei Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
description	Background. Recently, an outbreak of a novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a world health concern leading to severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Virus transmission occurs through person-to-person contact, respiratory droplets, and contaminated hands or surfaces. Accordingly, we aim at reviewing the literature on all information available about the persistence of coronaviruses, including human and animal coronaviruses, on inanimate surfaces and inactivation strategies with biocides employed for chemical and physical disinfection. Method. A comprehensive search was systematically conducted in main databases from 1998 to 2020 to identify various viral disinfectants associated with HCoV and methods for control and prevention of this newly emerged virus. Results. The analysis of 62 studies shows that human coronaviruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV), canine coronavirus (CCV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) can be efficiently inactivated by physical and chemical disinfectants at different concentrations (70, 80, 85, and 95%) of 2-propanol (70 and 80%) in less than or equal to 60 s and 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite within 1 minute. Additionally, glutaraldehyde (0.5–2%), formaldehyde (0.7–1%), and povidone-iodine (0.1–0.75%) could readily inactivate coronaviruses. Moreover, dry heat at 56°C, ultraviolet light dose of 0.2 to 140 J/cm2, and gamma irradiation could effectively inactivate coronavirus. The WHO recommends the use of 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution or an ethanol-based disinfectant with an ethanol concentration between 62% and 71%. Conclusion. The results of the present study can help researchers, policymakers, health decision makers, and people perceive and take the correct measures to control and prevent further transmission of COVID-19. Prevention and decontamination will be the main ways to stop the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19.
format	article
author	Abdolmajid Fadaei
author_facet	Abdolmajid Fadaei
author_sort	Abdolmajid Fadaei
title	Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
title_short	Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
title_full	Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
title_fullStr	Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
title_full_unstemmed	Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants
title_sort	viral inactivation with emphasis on sars-cov-2 using physical and chemical disinfectants
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/97bcc1cd52a34f929034fda5e5227116
work_keys_str_mv	AT abdolmajidfadaei viralinactivationwithemphasisonsarscov2usingphysicalandchemicaldisinfectants
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Viral Inactivation with Emphasis on SARS-CoV-2 Using Physical and Chemical Disinfectants

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