A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain

Buildings are great contributors to global GHG emissions, because they are responsible for direct and indirect emissions. In light of increased renewable energy share in the electricity mix, it is crucial to boost residential electrification for building decarbonization. Consequently, building regul...

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Autores principales:	Pablo Carnero, Pilar Calatayud
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	buildings electrification urban energy transition electric water tank decarbonization primary energy weighting factor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97bce160881e41b2b7507e1acad6c482
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97bce160881e41b2b7507e1acad6c4822021-11-11T19:43:02ZA Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain10.3390/su1321120702071-1050https://doaj.org/article/97bce160881e41b2b7507e1acad6c4822021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12070https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Buildings are great contributors to global GHG emissions, because they are responsible for direct and indirect emissions. In light of increased renewable energy share in the electricity mix, it is crucial to boost residential electrification for building decarbonization. Consequently, building regulation ought to send the proper signals to the market to encourage electrification and avoid establishing new fossil fuel-based infrastructure, which may lock in future interventions and seriously compromise climate change mitigation. This paper studies short-term residential electrification with electric water tanks in Spain using a parametric analysis considering several water heater configurations with various sizes and management strategies, using different draw-off profiles, actual time-dependent electricity prices, and CO<sub>2</sub> factors. The results demonstrate significant GHG savings when substituting fossil fuel boilers for any water heater configuration. However, current electricity prices are such that technology change is only cost effective for low hot water demands (1–2 people) and the provided fossil fuel supply is completely removed from dwellings. The exploitation of implicit demand response increases cost-effectiveness. The analysis of Spanish regulation shows that some elements of current policies on energy efficiency in buildings hamper residential electrification, consequently policy changes are proposed.Pablo CarneroPilar CalatayudMDPI AGarticlebuildingselectrificationurban energy transitionelectric water tankdecarbonizationprimary energy weighting factorEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12070, p 12070 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	buildings electrification urban energy transition electric water tank decarbonization primary energy weighting factor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	buildings electrification urban energy transition electric water tank decarbonization primary energy weighting factor Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Pablo Carnero Pilar Calatayud A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
description	Buildings are great contributors to global GHG emissions, because they are responsible for direct and indirect emissions. In light of increased renewable energy share in the electricity mix, it is crucial to boost residential electrification for building decarbonization. Consequently, building regulation ought to send the proper signals to the market to encourage electrification and avoid establishing new fossil fuel-based infrastructure, which may lock in future interventions and seriously compromise climate change mitigation. This paper studies short-term residential electrification with electric water tanks in Spain using a parametric analysis considering several water heater configurations with various sizes and management strategies, using different draw-off profiles, actual time-dependent electricity prices, and CO<sub>2</sub> factors. The results demonstrate significant GHG savings when substituting fossil fuel boilers for any water heater configuration. However, current electricity prices are such that technology change is only cost effective for low hot water demands (1–2 people) and the provided fossil fuel supply is completely removed from dwellings. The exploitation of implicit demand response increases cost-effectiveness. The analysis of Spanish regulation shows that some elements of current policies on energy efficiency in buildings hamper residential electrification, consequently policy changes are proposed.
format	article
author	Pablo Carnero Pilar Calatayud
author_facet	Pablo Carnero Pilar Calatayud
author_sort	Pablo Carnero
title	A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
title_short	A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
title_full	A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
title_fullStr	A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
title_full_unstemmed	A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain
title_sort	parametric analysis for short-term residential electrification with electric water tanks. the case of spain
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/97bce160881e41b2b7507e1acad6c482
work_keys_str_mv	AT pablocarnero aparametricanalysisforshorttermresidentialelectrificationwithelectricwatertanksthecaseofspain AT pilarcalatayud aparametricanalysisforshorttermresidentialelectrificationwithelectricwatertanksthecaseofspain AT pablocarnero parametricanalysisforshorttermresidentialelectrificationwithelectricwatertanksthecaseofspain AT pilarcalatayud parametricanalysisforshorttermresidentialelectrificationwithelectricwatertanksthecaseofspain
_version_	1718431482165329920

A Parametric Analysis for Short-Term Residential Electrification with Electric Water Tanks. The Case of Spain

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