Clinical Spectrum and Severity of Poisoning in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre in Uttarakhand: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Introduction: Acute poisoning causes significant mortality and morbidity among children worldwide. However, the pattern of poisoning and causative substances varies significantly in geodemographic areas. Aim: To describe admissions due to acute poisoning in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PI...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/97c5fde7a08c4a33a0da3d7c29bd6dac |
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| Sumario: | Introduction: Acute poisoning causes significant mortality and
morbidity among children worldwide. However, the pattern of
poisoning and causative substances varies significantly in geodemographic areas.
Aim: To describe admissions due to acute poisoning in the
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a tertiary care centre in
terms of demographics, clinical profile, specific agents involved
and severity of poisoning.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study
conducted in PICU of a tertiary care level teaching institute of
Uttarakhand, India, over a period of three years on subjects
of age group from one month to 18 years. Data was collected
and analysed for demography, clinical presentation, substance,
management, complications, and outcome. Poison Severity
Score (PSS) was used to assess the severity of poisoning. Data
was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social sciences
(SPSS) software version 21.0.
Results: During the study period, out of total 751 PICU admissions,
45 were due to poisoning. Organophosphates 20 (44%) and
aluminium phosphide 12 (26%) were the most common substances
used. Accidental poisoning was common 6 (46%) among less
than five years of age. However, suicidal attempts were noted
more frequently 20 (64%) among >15 years of age group. Vomiting
31 (69%), altered sensorium 23 (51%), and pain abdomen 16 (35%)
were the most common presentations. Nine (20%) patients required
ventilatory support as well. Three (6.6%) patients died; all associated
with aluminium phosphide poisoning.
Conclusion: The most common poison consumed is
organophosphate. Aluminium phosphide is the most lethal
poison, accounting for all the deaths in the study. Accidental
poisoning is common in children less than five years of age.
Suicidal poisoning is common among adolescents which must
be prevented by early detection of stress. Primary health care
facility hesitates to intervene even for basic poisoning care
before referring. |
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