Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is low in fat and high in nutrients; however, it also contains toxigenic factors such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA), which is poisonous to humans. Here, we aimed to determine the distribution of PHA in natural populations of snap bean by analyzing a candidate gene (PH...

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Autores principales:	Xiaoxu Yang, Dajun Liu, Yanqiu Hu, Zhishan Yan, Chang Liu, Guojun Feng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	phaseolus vulgaris l. phytohemagglutinin association analyses genetic breeding Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/97d3ce87ba3a4766ad7771e47efa5231
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:97d3ce87ba3a4766ad7771e47efa52312021-11-11T14:23:41ZCandidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study1310-28181314-353010.1080/13102818.2021.1985613https://doaj.org/article/97d3ce87ba3a4766ad7771e47efa52312021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2021.1985613https://doaj.org/toc/1310-2818https://doaj.org/toc/1314-3530Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is low in fat and high in nutrients; however, it also contains toxigenic factors such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA), which is poisonous to humans. Here, we aimed to determine the distribution of PHA in natural populations of snap bean by analyzing a candidate gene (PHA-E) related to PHA content. Functional genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were then scanned to identify SNPs related to PHA content. A total of 150 snap bean varieties were examined. PHA content and PHA-E expression levels were determined 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 and 30 days after anthesis. Then, association analyses were carried out to identify causal SNPs in PHA-E via genotyping and association tests. PHA-E expression was positively-correlated with PHA content. Among 59 detected SNPs, the ratio of synonymous to nonsynonymous changes was 1:8. P190 was identified as a novel SNP associated with PHA content. The allele carrying the GG genotype at P190 was detected in 130 varieties, of which 86 had an above-average PHA content, while the allele carrying the AA genotype at P190 was detected in 20 varieties, of which 17 (85%) had a low PHA content. Analyses of the PHA content and gene expression in fresh pods of 150 snap bean cultivars revealed population-level distribution and genetic variation, providing a unique measure for screening of low-level or nontoxic cultivars and aiding future breeding of new cultivars. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2021.1985613.Xiaoxu YangDajun LiuYanqiu HuZhishan YanChang LiuGuojun FengTaylor & Francis Grouparticle phaseolus vulgaris l.phytohemagglutininassociation analysesgenetic breedingBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENBiotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Vol 35, Iss 1, Pp 1420-1426 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phaseolus vulgaris l. phytohemagglutinin association analyses genetic breeding Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	phaseolus vulgaris l. phytohemagglutinin association analyses genetic breeding Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Xiaoxu Yang Dajun Liu Yanqiu Hu Zhishan Yan Chang Liu Guojun Feng Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
description	Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is low in fat and high in nutrients; however, it also contains toxigenic factors such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA), which is poisonous to humans. Here, we aimed to determine the distribution of PHA in natural populations of snap bean by analyzing a candidate gene (PHA-E) related to PHA content. Functional genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were then scanned to identify SNPs related to PHA content. A total of 150 snap bean varieties were examined. PHA content and PHA-E expression levels were determined 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 and 30 days after anthesis. Then, association analyses were carried out to identify causal SNPs in PHA-E via genotyping and association tests. PHA-E expression was positively-correlated with PHA content. Among 59 detected SNPs, the ratio of synonymous to nonsynonymous changes was 1:8. P190 was identified as a novel SNP associated with PHA content. The allele carrying the GG genotype at P190 was detected in 130 varieties, of which 86 had an above-average PHA content, while the allele carrying the AA genotype at P190 was detected in 20 varieties, of which 17 (85%) had a low PHA content. Analyses of the PHA content and gene expression in fresh pods of 150 snap bean cultivars revealed population-level distribution and genetic variation, providing a unique measure for screening of low-level or nontoxic cultivars and aiding future breeding of new cultivars. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2021.1985613.
format	article
author	Xiaoxu Yang Dajun Liu Yanqiu Hu Zhishan Yan Chang Liu Guojun Feng
author_facet	Xiaoxu Yang Dajun Liu Yanqiu Hu Zhishan Yan Chang Liu Guojun Feng
author_sort	Xiaoxu Yang
title	Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
title_short	Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
title_full	Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
title_fullStr	Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
title_full_unstemmed	Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study
title_sort	candidate gene (pha-e) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.): an association study
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/97d3ce87ba3a4766ad7771e47efa5231
work_keys_str_mv	AT xiaoxuyang candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy AT dajunliu candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy AT yanqiuhu candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy AT zhishanyan candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy AT changliu candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy AT guojunfeng candidategenephaeandphytohemagglutinincontentinsnapbeanphaseolusvulgarislanassociationstudy
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Candidate gene (PHA-E) and phytohemagglutinin content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an association study

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