Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East

Dust storms represent one of the most severe, if underrated, natural hazards in drylands. This study uses ground observational data from meteorological stations and airports (SYNOP and METARs), satellite observations (MODIS level-3 gridded atmosphere daily products and CALIPSO) and reanalysis data (...

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Autores principales:	Nick Middleton, Saviz Sehat Kashani, Sara Attarchi, Mehdi Rahnama, Sahar Tajbakhsh Mosalman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	dust storm disaster risk mineral dust wind erosion climate hazard Middle East Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9804857744224a8ab86679bb00028f64
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9804857744224a8ab86679bb00028f642021-11-25T16:44:45ZSynoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East10.3390/atmos121114352073-4433https://doaj.org/article/9804857744224a8ab86679bb00028f642021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/11/1435https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433Dust storms represent one of the most severe, if underrated, natural hazards in drylands. This study uses ground observational data from meteorological stations and airports (SYNOP and METARs), satellite observations (MODIS level-3 gridded atmosphere daily products and CALIPSO) and reanalysis data (ERA5) to analyze the synoptic meteorology of a severe Middle Eastern dust storm in April 2015. Details of related socio-economic impacts, gathered largely from news media reports, are also documented. This dust storm affected at least 14 countries in an area of 10 million km<sup>2</sup>. The considerable impacts were felt across eight countries in health, transport, education, construction, leisure and energy production. Hospitals in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE experienced a surge in cases of respiratory complaints and ophthalmic emergencies, as well as vehicular trauma due to an increase in motor vehicle accidents. Airports in seven countries had to delay, divert and cancel flights during the dust storm. This paper is the first attempt to catalogue such dust storm impacts on multiple socio-economic sectors in multiple countries in any part of the world. This type of transboundary study of individual dust storm events is necessary to improve our understanding of their multiple impacts and so inform policymakers working on this emerging disaster risk management issue.Nick MiddletonSaviz Sehat KashaniSara AttarchiMehdi RahnamaSahar Tajbakhsh MosalmanMDPI AGarticledust stormdisaster riskmineral dustwind erosionclimate hazardMiddle EastMeteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENAtmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 1435, p 1435 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dust storm disaster risk mineral dust wind erosion climate hazard Middle East Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	dust storm disaster risk mineral dust wind erosion climate hazard Middle East Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Nick Middleton Saviz Sehat Kashani Sara Attarchi Mehdi Rahnama Sahar Tajbakhsh Mosalman Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
description	Dust storms represent one of the most severe, if underrated, natural hazards in drylands. This study uses ground observational data from meteorological stations and airports (SYNOP and METARs), satellite observations (MODIS level-3 gridded atmosphere daily products and CALIPSO) and reanalysis data (ERA5) to analyze the synoptic meteorology of a severe Middle Eastern dust storm in April 2015. Details of related socio-economic impacts, gathered largely from news media reports, are also documented. This dust storm affected at least 14 countries in an area of 10 million km<sup>2</sup>. The considerable impacts were felt across eight countries in health, transport, education, construction, leisure and energy production. Hospitals in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE experienced a surge in cases of respiratory complaints and ophthalmic emergencies, as well as vehicular trauma due to an increase in motor vehicle accidents. Airports in seven countries had to delay, divert and cancel flights during the dust storm. This paper is the first attempt to catalogue such dust storm impacts on multiple socio-economic sectors in multiple countries in any part of the world. This type of transboundary study of individual dust storm events is necessary to improve our understanding of their multiple impacts and so inform policymakers working on this emerging disaster risk management issue.
format	article
author	Nick Middleton Saviz Sehat Kashani Sara Attarchi Mehdi Rahnama Sahar Tajbakhsh Mosalman
author_facet	Nick Middleton Saviz Sehat Kashani Sara Attarchi Mehdi Rahnama Sahar Tajbakhsh Mosalman
author_sort	Nick Middleton
title	Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
title_short	Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
title_full	Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
title_fullStr	Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
title_full_unstemmed	Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East
title_sort	synoptic causes and socio-economic consequences of a severe dust storm in the middle east
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9804857744224a8ab86679bb00028f64
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Synoptic Causes and Socio-Economic Consequences of a Severe Dust Storm in the Middle East

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