Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?

Although an ‘inverted U-shaped’ economy-environment nexus is proposed in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, this initial configuration is considered to be too restrictive. Considering the diversified pollution, regional heterogeneity and strong government intervention in China, this a...

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Autores principales:	Li He, Xiaoling Zhang, Yaxue Yan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Heterogeneity Haze pollution Industrial pollution Chinese cities Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/98081b98188e4e5bbffdfd444591af15
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:98081b98188e4e5bbffdfd444591af15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:98081b98188e4e5bbffdfd444591af152021-12-01T04:59:30ZHeterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108128https://doaj.org/article/98081b98188e4e5bbffdfd444591af152021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21007937https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XAlthough an ‘inverted U-shaped’ economy-environment nexus is proposed in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, this initial configuration is considered to be too restrictive. Considering the diversified pollution, regional heterogeneity and strong government intervention in China, this article investigates EKC’s heterogeneity in a panel of 290 cities from 2001 to 2018. Through the investigation of the lag effect and spatial spillover effect of pollution emissions, the heterogeneity of EKC is examined among different pollutants and different regions. Moreover, such heterogeneity pattern also exists between pilot cities and non-pilot cities of three environmental policies (‘pollution rights trading (PRT)’, ‘low-carbon city’ and ‘SO2 emission trading’). The results show that different curve shapes and turning points are associated with EKC heterogeneity. Three regulations are considered effective to strike a balance between urban emission reduction and long-term economic growth. Pollution rights’ trading could contribute to the earlier ‘decoupling’ between urban pollution (both industrial pollution and haze pollution) and economic growth in the pilot cities significantly. The implementation of the ‘low-carbon city’ and ‘SO2 emission trading’ are considered conducive to reducing the emissions of industrial SO2, with the former also resulting in fewer industrial smog emissions. The main contributions of this study are to identify both the temporal and spatial effects of pollution, develop the multidimensional analysis framework on the heterogeneity of EKC and investigate the dual effects of institutional power upon EKC as well as EKC heterogeneity. The implications, nevertheless, are considered as 1) the coordinated environment prevention and control between different regions and 2) the strict inspection of existing policy implementation by respecting each of their heterogeneous effects between regions.Li HeXiaoling ZhangYaxue YanElsevierarticleEnvironmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)HeterogeneityHaze pollutionIndustrial pollutionChinese citiesEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 130, Iss , Pp 108128- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Heterogeneity Haze pollution Industrial pollution Chinese cities Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Heterogeneity Haze pollution Industrial pollution Chinese cities Ecology QH540-549.5 Li He Xiaoling Zhang Yaxue Yan Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
description	Although an ‘inverted U-shaped’ economy-environment nexus is proposed in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, this initial configuration is considered to be too restrictive. Considering the diversified pollution, regional heterogeneity and strong government intervention in China, this article investigates EKC’s heterogeneity in a panel of 290 cities from 2001 to 2018. Through the investigation of the lag effect and spatial spillover effect of pollution emissions, the heterogeneity of EKC is examined among different pollutants and different regions. Moreover, such heterogeneity pattern also exists between pilot cities and non-pilot cities of three environmental policies (‘pollution rights trading (PRT)’, ‘low-carbon city’ and ‘SO2 emission trading’). The results show that different curve shapes and turning points are associated with EKC heterogeneity. Three regulations are considered effective to strike a balance between urban emission reduction and long-term economic growth. Pollution rights’ trading could contribute to the earlier ‘decoupling’ between urban pollution (both industrial pollution and haze pollution) and economic growth in the pilot cities significantly. The implementation of the ‘low-carbon city’ and ‘SO2 emission trading’ are considered conducive to reducing the emissions of industrial SO2, with the former also resulting in fewer industrial smog emissions. The main contributions of this study are to identify both the temporal and spatial effects of pollution, develop the multidimensional analysis framework on the heterogeneity of EKC and investigate the dual effects of institutional power upon EKC as well as EKC heterogeneity. The implications, nevertheless, are considered as 1) the coordinated environment prevention and control between different regions and 2) the strict inspection of existing policy implementation by respecting each of their heterogeneous effects between regions.
format	article
author	Li He Xiaoling Zhang Yaxue Yan
author_facet	Li He Xiaoling Zhang Yaxue Yan
author_sort	Li He
title	Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
title_short	Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
title_full	Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
title_fullStr	Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
title_full_unstemmed	Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?
title_sort	heterogeneity of the environmental kuznets curve across chinese cities: how to dance with ‘shackles’?
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/98081b98188e4e5bbffdfd444591af15
work_keys_str_mv	AT lihe heterogeneityoftheenvironmentalkuznetscurveacrosschinesecitieshowtodancewithshackles AT xiaolingzhang heterogeneityoftheenvironmentalkuznetscurveacrosschinesecitieshowtodancewithshackles AT yaxueyan heterogeneityoftheenvironmentalkuznetscurveacrosschinesecitieshowtodancewithshackles
_version_	1718405615228813312

Heterogeneity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve across Chinese cities: How to dance with ‘shackles’?

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