The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity

Abstract The differences in ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) spatial patterns, whether centered in the Eastern Pacific (EP), Central Pacific (CP) or in the eastern-central equatorial region (“canonical”) have been associated to differences in atmospheric teleconnections and global impacts. However...

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Autores principales:	Antonietta Capotondi, Lucrezia Ricciardulli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/988fb9bd7c274659bcddd4eb15ca44ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:988fb9bd7c274659bcddd4eb15ca44ea2021-12-02T18:48:09ZThe influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity10.1038/s41598-021-97963-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/988fb9bd7c274659bcddd4eb15ca44ea2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97963-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The differences in ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) spatial patterns, whether centered in the Eastern Pacific (EP), Central Pacific (CP) or in the eastern-central equatorial region (“canonical”) have been associated to differences in atmospheric teleconnections and global impacts. However, predicting different types of ENSO events has proved challenging, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of their predictability. Given the key role played by wind variations in the development and evolution of ENSO events, this study examines the relationship between the leading modes of Pacific surface wind speed variability and ENSO diversity using three different state-of-the-art wind products, including satellite observations and atmospheric reanalyses. Although previous studies have associated different ENSO precursors to either EP or CP events, our results indicate that the most prominent of those ENSO precursors are primarily related to canonical and CP events, and show little correlation with EP events. The latter are associated with tropical Pacific conditions favoring equatorial westerly wind and precipitation anomalies that extend all the way to the eastern Pacific. Results over the entire twentieth century period versus those during the satellite era also suggest that the influences from the Southern Hemisphere may be more robust than those from the Northern Hemisphere.Antonietta CapotondiLucrezia RicciardulliNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Antonietta Capotondi Lucrezia Ricciardulli The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
description	Abstract The differences in ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) spatial patterns, whether centered in the Eastern Pacific (EP), Central Pacific (CP) or in the eastern-central equatorial region (“canonical”) have been associated to differences in atmospheric teleconnections and global impacts. However, predicting different types of ENSO events has proved challenging, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of their predictability. Given the key role played by wind variations in the development and evolution of ENSO events, this study examines the relationship between the leading modes of Pacific surface wind speed variability and ENSO diversity using three different state-of-the-art wind products, including satellite observations and atmospheric reanalyses. Although previous studies have associated different ENSO precursors to either EP or CP events, our results indicate that the most prominent of those ENSO precursors are primarily related to canonical and CP events, and show little correlation with EP events. The latter are associated with tropical Pacific conditions favoring equatorial westerly wind and precipitation anomalies that extend all the way to the eastern Pacific. Results over the entire twentieth century period versus those during the satellite era also suggest that the influences from the Southern Hemisphere may be more robust than those from the Northern Hemisphere.
format	article
author	Antonietta Capotondi Lucrezia Ricciardulli
author_facet	Antonietta Capotondi Lucrezia Ricciardulli
author_sort	Antonietta Capotondi
title	The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
title_short	The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
title_full	The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
title_fullStr	The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
title_full_unstemmed	The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity
title_sort	influence of pacific winds on enso diversity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/988fb9bd7c274659bcddd4eb15ca44ea
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The influence of pacific winds on ENSO diversity

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