<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>

Microbial endolithic communities are the main and most widespread life forms in the coldest and hyper-arid desert of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and other ice-free areas across Victoria Land, Antarctica. There, the lichen-dominated communities are complex and self-supporting assemblages of phototrophic...

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Autores principales:	Lucia Muggia, Claudia Coleine, Roberto De Carolis, Agnese Cometto, Laura Selbmann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	algae <i>Lichenostigmatales</i> melanization microbial communities phylogeny <i>Stichococcus</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/98d8fd1948c147f887a140df45470f86
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:98d8fd1948c147f887a140df45470f862021-11-25T18:05:56Z<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>10.3390/jof71109352309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/98d8fd1948c147f887a140df45470f862021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/935https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XMicrobial endolithic communities are the main and most widespread life forms in the coldest and hyper-arid desert of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and other ice-free areas across Victoria Land, Antarctica. There, the lichen-dominated communities are complex and self-supporting assemblages of phototrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms, including bacteria, chlorophytes, and both free-living and lichen-forming fungi living at the edge of their physiological adaptability. In particular, among the free-living fungi, microcolonial, melanized, and anamorphic species are highly recurrent, while a few species were sometimes found to be associated with algae. One of these fungi is of paramount importance for its peculiar traits, i.e., a yeast-like habitus, co-growing with algae and being difficult to propagate in pure culture. In the present study, this taxon is herein described as the new genus <i>Antarctolichenia</i> and its type species is <i>A. onofrii</i>, which represents a transitional group between the free-living and symbiotic lifestyle in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>. The phylogenetic placement of <i>Antarctolichenia</i> was studied using three rDNA molecular markers and morphological characters were described. In this study, we also reappraise the evolution and the connections linking the lichen-forming and rock-inhabiting lifestyles in the basal lineages of <i>Arthoniomycetes</i> (i.e., <i>Lichenostigmatales</i>) and <i>Dothideomycetes</i>.Lucia MuggiaClaudia ColeineRoberto De CarolisAgnese ComettoLaura SelbmannMDPI AGarticlealgae<i>Lichenostigmatales</i>melanizationmicrobial communitiesphylogeny<i>Stichococcus</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 935, p 935 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	algae <i>Lichenostigmatales</i> melanization microbial communities phylogeny <i>Stichococcus</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	algae <i>Lichenostigmatales</i> melanization microbial communities phylogeny <i>Stichococcus</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Lucia Muggia Claudia Coleine Roberto De Carolis Agnese Cometto Laura Selbmann <i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
description	Microbial endolithic communities are the main and most widespread life forms in the coldest and hyper-arid desert of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and other ice-free areas across Victoria Land, Antarctica. There, the lichen-dominated communities are complex and self-supporting assemblages of phototrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms, including bacteria, chlorophytes, and both free-living and lichen-forming fungi living at the edge of their physiological adaptability. In particular, among the free-living fungi, microcolonial, melanized, and anamorphic species are highly recurrent, while a few species were sometimes found to be associated with algae. One of these fungi is of paramount importance for its peculiar traits, i.e., a yeast-like habitus, co-growing with algae and being difficult to propagate in pure culture. In the present study, this taxon is herein described as the new genus <i>Antarctolichenia</i> and its type species is <i>A. onofrii</i>, which represents a transitional group between the free-living and symbiotic lifestyle in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>. The phylogenetic placement of <i>Antarctolichenia</i> was studied using three rDNA molecular markers and morphological characters were described. In this study, we also reappraise the evolution and the connections linking the lichen-forming and rock-inhabiting lifestyles in the basal lineages of <i>Arthoniomycetes</i> (i.e., <i>Lichenostigmatales</i>) and <i>Dothideomycetes</i>.
format	article
author	Lucia Muggia Claudia Coleine Roberto De Carolis Agnese Cometto Laura Selbmann
author_facet	Lucia Muggia Claudia Coleine Roberto De Carolis Agnese Cometto Laura Selbmann
author_sort	Lucia Muggia
title	<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
title_short	<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
title_full	<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
title_fullStr	<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
title_full_unstemmed	<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>
title_sort	<i>antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from antarctic endolithic communities untangles the evolution of rock-inhabiting and lichenized fungi in <i>arthoniomycetes</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/98d8fd1948c147f887a140df45470f86
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<i>Antarctolichenia onofrii</i> gen. nov. sp. nov. from Antarctic Endolithic Communities Untangles the Evolution of Rock-Inhabiting and Lichenized Fungi in <i>Arthoniomycetes</i>

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