Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.

The interpretation of flattened fossils remains a major challenge due to compression of their complex anatomies during fossilization, making critical anatomical features invisible or hardly discernible. Key features are often hidden under greatly preserved decay prone tissues, or an unpreparable sed...

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Autores principales:	Pierre Gueriau, Cristian Mocuta, Didier B Dutheil, Serge X Cohen, Dominique Thiaudière, OT1 Consortium, Sylvain Charbonnier, Gaël Clément, Loïc Bertrand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/98eca160914b4138a074447d28204c25
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:98eca160914b4138a074447d28204c252021-11-18T08:35:07ZTrace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0086946https://doaj.org/article/98eca160914b4138a074447d28204c252014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24489809/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The interpretation of flattened fossils remains a major challenge due to compression of their complex anatomies during fossilization, making critical anatomical features invisible or hardly discernible. Key features are often hidden under greatly preserved decay prone tissues, or an unpreparable sedimentary matrix. A method offering access to such anatomical features is of paramount interest to resolve taxonomic affinities and to study fossils after a least possible invasive preparation. Unfortunately, the widely-used X-ray micro-computed tomography, for visualizing hidden or internal structures of a broad range of fossils, is generally inapplicable to flattened specimens, due to the very high differential absorbance in distinct directions. Here we show that synchrotron X-ray fluorescence spectral raster-scanning coupled to spectral decomposition or a much faster Kullback-Leibler divergence based statistical analysis provides microscale visualization of tissues. We imaged exceptionally well-preserved fossils from the Late Cretaceous without needing any prior delicate preparation. The contrasting elemental distributions greatly improved the discrimination of skeletal elements material from both the sedimentary matrix and fossilized soft tissues. Aside content in alkaline earth elements and phosphorus, a critical parameter for tissue discrimination is the distinct amounts of rare earth elements. Local quantification of rare earths may open new avenues for fossil description but also in paleoenvironmental and taphonomical studies.Pierre GueriauCristian MocutaDidier B DutheilSerge X CohenDominique ThiaudièreOT1 ConsortiumSylvain CharbonnierGaël ClémentLoïc BertrandPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e86946 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Pierre Gueriau Cristian Mocuta Didier B Dutheil Serge X Cohen Dominique Thiaudière OT1 Consortium Sylvain Charbonnier Gaël Clément Loïc Bertrand Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
description	The interpretation of flattened fossils remains a major challenge due to compression of their complex anatomies during fossilization, making critical anatomical features invisible or hardly discernible. Key features are often hidden under greatly preserved decay prone tissues, or an unpreparable sedimentary matrix. A method offering access to such anatomical features is of paramount interest to resolve taxonomic affinities and to study fossils after a least possible invasive preparation. Unfortunately, the widely-used X-ray micro-computed tomography, for visualizing hidden or internal structures of a broad range of fossils, is generally inapplicable to flattened specimens, due to the very high differential absorbance in distinct directions. Here we show that synchrotron X-ray fluorescence spectral raster-scanning coupled to spectral decomposition or a much faster Kullback-Leibler divergence based statistical analysis provides microscale visualization of tissues. We imaged exceptionally well-preserved fossils from the Late Cretaceous without needing any prior delicate preparation. The contrasting elemental distributions greatly improved the discrimination of skeletal elements material from both the sedimentary matrix and fossilized soft tissues. Aside content in alkaline earth elements and phosphorus, a critical parameter for tissue discrimination is the distinct amounts of rare earth elements. Local quantification of rare earths may open new avenues for fossil description but also in paleoenvironmental and taphonomical studies.
format	article
author	Pierre Gueriau Cristian Mocuta Didier B Dutheil Serge X Cohen Dominique Thiaudière OT1 Consortium Sylvain Charbonnier Gaël Clément Loïc Bertrand
author_facet	Pierre Gueriau Cristian Mocuta Didier B Dutheil Serge X Cohen Dominique Thiaudière OT1 Consortium Sylvain Charbonnier Gaël Clément Loïc Bertrand
author_sort	Pierre Gueriau
title	Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
title_short	Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
title_full	Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
title_fullStr	Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
title_full_unstemmed	Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
title_sort	trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/98eca160914b4138a074447d28204c25
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Trace elemental imaging of rare earth elements discriminates tissues at microscale in flat fossils.

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