The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle

Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, mu...

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Autores principales:	Alexander Pohl, Frederik Schünemann, Käthe Bersiner, Sebastian Gehlert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	vegetarian vegan diet performance endurance strength Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/990d5970d9dd48869550cc065ac3d10c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:990d5970d9dd48869550cc065ac3d10c2021-11-25T18:34:56ZThe Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle10.3390/nu131138842072-6643https://doaj.org/article/990d5970d9dd48869550cc065ac3d10c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3884https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, muscle capillary density, hemoglobin concentration, endothelial function, functional heart morphology and availability of carbohydrates affect endurance performance and can be influenced by diet. Based on these factors, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially advantageous properties for endurance performance. Properties of the contractile elements, muscle protein synthesis, the neuromuscular system and phosphagen availability affect strength performance and can also be influenced by diet. However, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially disadvantageous properties for strength performance. Current research has failed to demonstrate consistent differences of performance between diets but a trend towards improved performance after vegetarian and vegan diets for both endurance and strength exercise has been shown. Importantly, diet alters molecular signaling via leucine, creatine, DHA and EPA that directly modulates skeletal muscle adaptation. By changing the gut microbiome, diet can modulate signaling through the production of SFCA.Alexander PohlFrederik SchünemannKäthe BersinerSebastian GehlertMDPI AGarticlevegetarianvegandietperformanceendurancestrengthNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3884, p 3884 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vegetarian vegan diet performance endurance strength Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	vegetarian vegan diet performance endurance strength Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Alexander Pohl Frederik Schünemann Käthe Bersiner Sebastian Gehlert The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
description	Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, muscle capillary density, hemoglobin concentration, endothelial function, functional heart morphology and availability of carbohydrates affect endurance performance and can be influenced by diet. Based on these factors, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially advantageous properties for endurance performance. Properties of the contractile elements, muscle protein synthesis, the neuromuscular system and phosphagen availability affect strength performance and can also be influenced by diet. However, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially disadvantageous properties for strength performance. Current research has failed to demonstrate consistent differences of performance between diets but a trend towards improved performance after vegetarian and vegan diets for both endurance and strength exercise has been shown. Importantly, diet alters molecular signaling via leucine, creatine, DHA and EPA that directly modulates skeletal muscle adaptation. By changing the gut microbiome, diet can modulate signaling through the production of SFCA.
format	article
author	Alexander Pohl Frederik Schünemann Käthe Bersiner Sebastian Gehlert
author_facet	Alexander Pohl Frederik Schünemann Käthe Bersiner Sebastian Gehlert
author_sort	Alexander Pohl
title	The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
title_short	The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
title_full	The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
title_fullStr	The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
title_sort	impact of vegan and vegetarian diets on physical performance and molecular signaling in skeletal muscle
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/990d5970d9dd48869550cc065ac3d10c
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The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle

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