Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials

This work aims to experimentally report the radiation attenuation factors for four different clays (red, ball, kaolin and bentonite clays) at four selected energies (emitted from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The highest relative difference in the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) is equal to −3.02%,...

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Autores principales:	Mohamed Elsafi, Yousry Koraim, Mansour Almurayshid, Fahad I Almasoud, M. I. Sayyed, I. H. Saleh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	clay radiation attenuation WinXCom program mass attenuation coefficient Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/99345f7060e84e1d98a8999a9dc6053c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:99345f7060e84e1d98a8999a9dc6053c2021-11-11T18:12:09ZInvestigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials10.3390/ma142167021996-1944https://doaj.org/article/99345f7060e84e1d98a8999a9dc6053c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6702https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944This work aims to experimentally report the radiation attenuation factors for four different clays (red, ball, kaolin and bentonite clays) at four selected energies (emitted from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The highest relative difference in the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) is equal to −3.02%, but most of the other results are much smaller than this value, proving that the experimental and theoretical data greatly agree with each other. From the MAC results, the shielding abilities of the clay samples at 0.060 MeV follow the order of: bentonite > red > ball > kaolin. Thus, at low energies, the bentonite clay sample provides the most effective attenuation capability out of the tested clays. The half value layer (HVL) increases as energy increases, which suggests that, only a thin clay sample is needed to sufficiently absorb the radiation at low energies, while at higher energies a thicker sample is needed to shield the same amount of high energy radiated. Furthermore, bentonite clay has the lowest HVL, while the kaolin clay has the greatest HVL at all energies. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) values at 0.060 MeV are equal to 97.982%, 97.137%, 94.242%, and 93.583% for bentonite clay, red clay, ball clay, and kaolin clay, respectively. This reveals that at this energy, the four clay samples can absorb almost all of the incoming photons, but the bentonite clay has the greatest attenuation capability at this energy, while kaolin clay has the lowest.Mohamed ElsafiYousry KoraimMansour AlmurayshidFahad I AlmasoudM. I. SayyedI. H. SalehMDPI AGarticleclayradiation attenuationWinXCom programmass attenuation coefficientTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6702, p 6702 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	clay radiation attenuation WinXCom program mass attenuation coefficient Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	clay radiation attenuation WinXCom program mass attenuation coefficient Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Mohamed Elsafi Yousry Koraim Mansour Almurayshid Fahad I Almasoud M. I. Sayyed I. H. Saleh Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
description	This work aims to experimentally report the radiation attenuation factors for four different clays (red, ball, kaolin and bentonite clays) at four selected energies (emitted from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The highest relative difference in the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) is equal to −3.02%, but most of the other results are much smaller than this value, proving that the experimental and theoretical data greatly agree with each other. From the MAC results, the shielding abilities of the clay samples at 0.060 MeV follow the order of: bentonite > red > ball > kaolin. Thus, at low energies, the bentonite clay sample provides the most effective attenuation capability out of the tested clays. The half value layer (HVL) increases as energy increases, which suggests that, only a thin clay sample is needed to sufficiently absorb the radiation at low energies, while at higher energies a thicker sample is needed to shield the same amount of high energy radiated. Furthermore, bentonite clay has the lowest HVL, while the kaolin clay has the greatest HVL at all energies. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) values at 0.060 MeV are equal to 97.982%, 97.137%, 94.242%, and 93.583% for bentonite clay, red clay, ball clay, and kaolin clay, respectively. This reveals that at this energy, the four clay samples can absorb almost all of the incoming photons, but the bentonite clay has the greatest attenuation capability at this energy, while kaolin clay has the lowest.
format	article
author	Mohamed Elsafi Yousry Koraim Mansour Almurayshid Fahad I Almasoud M. I. Sayyed I. H. Saleh
author_facet	Mohamed Elsafi Yousry Koraim Mansour Almurayshid Fahad I Almasoud M. I. Sayyed I. H. Saleh
author_sort	Mohamed Elsafi
title	Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
title_short	Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
title_full	Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
title_fullStr	Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials
title_sort	investigation of photon radiation attenuation capability of different clay materials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/99345f7060e84e1d98a8999a9dc6053c
work_keys_str_mv	AT mohamedelsafi investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials AT yousrykoraim investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials AT mansouralmurayshid investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials AT fahadialmasoud investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials AT misayyed investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials AT ihsaleh investigationofphotonradiationattenuationcapabilityofdifferentclaymaterials
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Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials

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