Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal

Abstract Volcanic ash has the capacity to impact human health, livestock, crops and infrastructure, including international air traffic. For recent major eruptions, information on the volcanic ash plume has been combined with relatively coarse-resolution meteorological model output to provide simula...

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Autores principales:	Alexandros P. Poulidis, Jeremy C. Phillips, Ian A. Renfrew, Jenni Barclay, Andrew Hogg, Susanna F. Jenkins, Richard Robertson, David M. Pyle
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/995a4d7d3bfb4fff99cdb1c01314e73d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:995a4d7d3bfb4fff99cdb1c01314e73d2021-12-02T11:40:53ZMeteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal10.1038/s41598-018-24651-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/995a4d7d3bfb4fff99cdb1c01314e73d2018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24651-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Volcanic ash has the capacity to impact human health, livestock, crops and infrastructure, including international air traffic. For recent major eruptions, information on the volcanic ash plume has been combined with relatively coarse-resolution meteorological model output to provide simulations of regional ash dispersal, with reasonable success on the scale of hundreds of kilometres. However, to predict and mitigate these impacts locally, significant improvements in modelling capability are required. Here, we present results from a dynamic meteorological-ash-dispersion model configured with sufficient resolution to represent local topographic and convectively-forced flows. We focus on an archetypal volcanic setting, Soufrière, St Vincent, and use the exceptional historical records of the 1902 and 1979 eruptions to challenge our simulations. We find that the evolution and characteristics of ash deposition on St Vincent and nearby islands can be accurately simulated when the wind shear associated with the trade wind inversion and topographically-forced flows are represented. The wind shear plays a primary role and topographic flows a secondary role on ash distribution on local to regional scales. We propose a new explanation for the downwind ash deposition maxima, commonly observed in volcanic eruptions, as resulting from the detailed forcing of mesoscale meteorology on the ash plume.Alexandros P. PoulidisJeremy C. PhillipsIan A. RenfrewJenni BarclayAndrew HoggSusanna F. JenkinsRichard RobertsonDavid M. PyleNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexandros P. Poulidis Jeremy C. Phillips Ian A. Renfrew Jenni Barclay Andrew Hogg Susanna F. Jenkins Richard Robertson David M. Pyle Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
description	Abstract Volcanic ash has the capacity to impact human health, livestock, crops and infrastructure, including international air traffic. For recent major eruptions, information on the volcanic ash plume has been combined with relatively coarse-resolution meteorological model output to provide simulations of regional ash dispersal, with reasonable success on the scale of hundreds of kilometres. However, to predict and mitigate these impacts locally, significant improvements in modelling capability are required. Here, we present results from a dynamic meteorological-ash-dispersion model configured with sufficient resolution to represent local topographic and convectively-forced flows. We focus on an archetypal volcanic setting, Soufrière, St Vincent, and use the exceptional historical records of the 1902 and 1979 eruptions to challenge our simulations. We find that the evolution and characteristics of ash deposition on St Vincent and nearby islands can be accurately simulated when the wind shear associated with the trade wind inversion and topographically-forced flows are represented. The wind shear plays a primary role and topographic flows a secondary role on ash distribution on local to regional scales. We propose a new explanation for the downwind ash deposition maxima, commonly observed in volcanic eruptions, as resulting from the detailed forcing of mesoscale meteorology on the ash plume.
format	article
author	Alexandros P. Poulidis Jeremy C. Phillips Ian A. Renfrew Jenni Barclay Andrew Hogg Susanna F. Jenkins Richard Robertson David M. Pyle
author_facet	Alexandros P. Poulidis Jeremy C. Phillips Ian A. Renfrew Jenni Barclay Andrew Hogg Susanna F. Jenkins Richard Robertson David M. Pyle
author_sort	Alexandros P. Poulidis
title	Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
title_short	Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
title_full	Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
title_fullStr	Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
title_full_unstemmed	Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal
title_sort	meteorological controls on local and regional volcanic ash dispersal
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/995a4d7d3bfb4fff99cdb1c01314e73d
work_keys_str_mv	AT alexandrosppoulidis meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT jeremycphillips meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT ianarenfrew meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT jennibarclay meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT andrewhogg meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT susannafjenkins meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT richardrobertson meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal AT davidmpyle meteorologicalcontrolsonlocalandregionalvolcanicashdispersal
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Meteorological Controls on Local and Regional Volcanic Ash Dispersal

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