Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime

This study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing the standardized ileal digestible (SID) total sulfur amino acid to lysine (TSAA:Lys) on the growth performance of nursery pigs raised with or without antibiotics (AGP) and to determine the optimal SID TSAA:Lys in nursery pigs raised without AG...

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Autores principales:	Ping Ren, Ferdinando Almeida, Uislei Orlando, Marcio Gonçalves, Deana Hancock, Mercedes Vazquez-Añón
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	antibiotics-free 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid lysine growth performance pigs total sulfur amino acid Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/996dacc0ef00473cb88e48a0b8e85a94
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:996dacc0ef00473cb88e48a0b8e85a942021-11-25T16:16:57ZOptimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime10.3390/ani111131432076-2615https://doaj.org/article/996dacc0ef00473cb88e48a0b8e85a942021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3143https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615This study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing the standardized ileal digestible (SID) total sulfur amino acid to lysine (TSAA:Lys) on the growth performance of nursery pigs raised with or without antibiotics (AGP) and to determine the optimal SID TSAA:Lys in nursery pigs raised without AGP. In Exp. 1, 924 nursery pigs (7.9 ± 1.3 kg), blocked by initial BW and sex, were randomly allotted to one of six treatments, with seven pens per treatment and twenty-two pigs per pen. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two AGP levels (0 or 50 mg/kg Carbodox) and three levels of SID TSAA:Lys (51.0, 58.5 or 66.0%). In Exp. 2, 990 weaned piglets (5.1 ± 0.9 kg), blocked by initial BW and sex, were randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments (SID TSAA:Lys at 51, 58, 65, 72 or 79%) in the absence of AGP, with nine pens per treatment and twenty-two pigs per pen. Competing heteroskedastic models including broken-line linear (BLL), broken-line quadratic (BLQ), and quadratic polynomial (QP) were fitted for the growth performance data to estimate the optimal TSAA:Lys. In Exp. 1, AGP supplementation increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) ADG and ADFI during the 21 d period. Increasing SID TSAA:Lys in the diets with AGP did not affect growth performance; however, increasing SID TSAA:Lys in the diets without AGP resulted in a linear increase (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in ADG and G:F. In Exp. 2, the best-fitting models for ADG and G:F from d 0 to 21 post-weaning were BLL, which yielded the optimal SID TSAA:Lys of 62% and 72%, respectively. The best-fitting models for ADG and G:F from d 21 to 42 post-weaning were BLL, which yielded the optimal SID TSAA:Lys of 59% and 58%, respectively. In conclusion, SID TSAA to Lys requirements under an antibiotic-free feeding regime during the first 21 d post-weaning were 62% and 72% in terms of ADG and G:F, respectively, whereas an SID TSAA:Lys of approximately 58% was required to maximize ADG and G:F for the late nursery phase.Ping RenFerdinando AlmeidaUislei OrlandoMarcio GonçalvesDeana HancockMercedes Vazquez-AñónMDPI AGarticleantibiotics-free2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acidlysinegrowth performancepigstotal sulfur amino acidVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3143, p 3143 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antibiotics-free 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid lysine growth performance pigs total sulfur amino acid Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	antibiotics-free 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid lysine growth performance pigs total sulfur amino acid Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Ping Ren Ferdinando Almeida Uislei Orlando Marcio Gonçalves Deana Hancock Mercedes Vazquez-Añón Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
description	This study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing the standardized ileal digestible (SID) total sulfur amino acid to lysine (TSAA:Lys) on the growth performance of nursery pigs raised with or without antibiotics (AGP) and to determine the optimal SID TSAA:Lys in nursery pigs raised without AGP. In Exp. 1, 924 nursery pigs (7.9 ± 1.3 kg), blocked by initial BW and sex, were randomly allotted to one of six treatments, with seven pens per treatment and twenty-two pigs per pen. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two AGP levels (0 or 50 mg/kg Carbodox) and three levels of SID TSAA:Lys (51.0, 58.5 or 66.0%). In Exp. 2, 990 weaned piglets (5.1 ± 0.9 kg), blocked by initial BW and sex, were randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments (SID TSAA:Lys at 51, 58, 65, 72 or 79%) in the absence of AGP, with nine pens per treatment and twenty-two pigs per pen. Competing heteroskedastic models including broken-line linear (BLL), broken-line quadratic (BLQ), and quadratic polynomial (QP) were fitted for the growth performance data to estimate the optimal TSAA:Lys. In Exp. 1, AGP supplementation increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) ADG and ADFI during the 21 d period. Increasing SID TSAA:Lys in the diets with AGP did not affect growth performance; however, increasing SID TSAA:Lys in the diets without AGP resulted in a linear increase (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in ADG and G:F. In Exp. 2, the best-fitting models for ADG and G:F from d 0 to 21 post-weaning were BLL, which yielded the optimal SID TSAA:Lys of 62% and 72%, respectively. The best-fitting models for ADG and G:F from d 21 to 42 post-weaning were BLL, which yielded the optimal SID TSAA:Lys of 59% and 58%, respectively. In conclusion, SID TSAA to Lys requirements under an antibiotic-free feeding regime during the first 21 d post-weaning were 62% and 72% in terms of ADG and G:F, respectively, whereas an SID TSAA:Lys of approximately 58% was required to maximize ADG and G:F for the late nursery phase.
format	article
author	Ping Ren Ferdinando Almeida Uislei Orlando Marcio Gonçalves Deana Hancock Mercedes Vazquez-Añón
author_facet	Ping Ren Ferdinando Almeida Uislei Orlando Marcio Gonçalves Deana Hancock Mercedes Vazquez-Añón
author_sort	Ping Ren
title	Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
title_short	Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
title_full	Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
title_fullStr	Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
title_full_unstemmed	Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime
title_sort	optimal standardized ileal digestible total sulfur amino acids to lysine requirements are increased in nursery pigs raised under antibiotic-free feeding regime
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/996dacc0ef00473cb88e48a0b8e85a94
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Optimal Standardized Ileal Digestible Total Sulfur Amino Acids to Lysine REQUIREMENTS Are Increased in Nursery Pigs Raised under Antibiotic-Free Feeding Regime

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