Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study

Abstract Background Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and depression but with mixed results. We examined t...

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Autores principales:	Weiyao Yin, Marie Löf, Ruoqing Chen, Christina M. Hultman, Fang Fang, Sven Sandin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Depression Mental health Mediterranean Diet women’s health Cohort studies Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/998349bddfeb4df6b5ebe7967e29a3ec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:998349bddfeb4df6b5ebe7967e29a3ec2021-11-28T12:42:00ZMediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study10.1186/s12966-021-01227-31479-5868https://doaj.org/article/998349bddfeb4df6b5ebe7967e29a3ec2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01227-3https://doaj.org/toc/1479-5868Abstract Background Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and depression but with mixed results. We examined the impact of MDP on clinically ascertained depression in a large population-based dataset. Methods In 1991/92, detailed information on diet, using a food frequency questionnaire, and potential confounding factors (body weight, height, educational attainment, smoking, previous diabetes and hypertension, and physical activity) was collected, in a random sample of 49,261 Swedish women aged 29-49. Adherence to MDP was calculated. Clinical depression was extracted from the National Patient Register. Study participants were followed up through 2012. Results During an average follow-up of 20.4 years, 1677 incident cases of depression were diagnosed. We observed a lower risk of depression for medium (score 4-5) and high (6-9) adherence to MDP, compared with low (0-3) adherence (Medium: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81-1.00; High: HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71-0.94). Per unit increase of adherence, the risk of depression was reduced by 5% (HR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92-0.98). The association became stronger when restricting to severe form of depression (HR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.33-0.76). The HRs were higher from age 50 onward both over the first and the second 10-year follow-up period, compared with before age 50, indicating stronger association with increasing age. Results remained after extensive sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet at middle age was associated with a lower risk of depression later in life among Swedish women.Weiyao YinMarie LöfRuoqing ChenChristina M. HultmanFang FangSven SandinBMCarticleDepressionMental healthMediterraneanDietwomen’s healthCohort studiesNutritional diseases. Deficiency diseasesRC620-627Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Depression Mental health Mediterranean Diet women’s health Cohort studies Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Depression Mental health Mediterranean Diet women’s health Cohort studies Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Weiyao Yin Marie Löf Ruoqing Chen Christina M. Hultman Fang Fang Sven Sandin Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
description	Abstract Background Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and depression but with mixed results. We examined the impact of MDP on clinically ascertained depression in a large population-based dataset. Methods In 1991/92, detailed information on diet, using a food frequency questionnaire, and potential confounding factors (body weight, height, educational attainment, smoking, previous diabetes and hypertension, and physical activity) was collected, in a random sample of 49,261 Swedish women aged 29-49. Adherence to MDP was calculated. Clinical depression was extracted from the National Patient Register. Study participants were followed up through 2012. Results During an average follow-up of 20.4 years, 1677 incident cases of depression were diagnosed. We observed a lower risk of depression for medium (score 4-5) and high (6-9) adherence to MDP, compared with low (0-3) adherence (Medium: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81-1.00; High: HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71-0.94). Per unit increase of adherence, the risk of depression was reduced by 5% (HR = 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92-0.98). The association became stronger when restricting to severe form of depression (HR = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.33-0.76). The HRs were higher from age 50 onward both over the first and the second 10-year follow-up period, compared with before age 50, indicating stronger association with increasing age. Results remained after extensive sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet at middle age was associated with a lower risk of depression later in life among Swedish women.
format	article
author	Weiyao Yin Marie Löf Ruoqing Chen Christina M. Hultman Fang Fang Sven Sandin
author_facet	Weiyao Yin Marie Löf Ruoqing Chen Christina M. Hultman Fang Fang Sven Sandin
author_sort	Weiyao Yin
title	Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
title_short	Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
title_full	Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
title_fullStr	Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
title_full_unstemmed	Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
title_sort	mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/998349bddfeb4df6b5ebe7967e29a3ec
work_keys_str_mv	AT weiyaoyin mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy AT marielof mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy AT ruoqingchen mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy AT christinamhultman mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy AT fangfang mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy AT svensandin mediterraneandietanddepressionapopulationbasedcohortstudy
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Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study

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