Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces

Energy losses and friction locking are decisive factors in the conceptual design and sustainable realization of machine elements. Thus, the improvement of the tribological properties of rolling bearings by ceramic coatings on bearing surfaces represents a promising approach. These coatings are to be...

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Autores principales:	Simon Schöler, Maurice Schmieding, Norman Heimes, Florian Pape, Bernd-Arno Behrens, Gerhard Poll, Kai Möhwald
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Japanese Society of Tribologists 2020
Materias:	magnetron sputtering surface analysis nano tribology Physics QC1-999 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/998d36f327d24899b2502559ebf9deb2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:998d36f327d24899b2502559ebf9deb22021-11-05T09:10:33ZCharacterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces1881-219810.2474/trol.15.181https://doaj.org/article/998d36f327d24899b2502559ebf9deb22020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/trol/15/3/15_181/_pdf/-char/enhttps://doaj.org/toc/1881-2198Energy losses and friction locking are decisive factors in the conceptual design and sustainable realization of machine elements. Thus, the improvement of the tribological properties of rolling bearings by ceramic coatings on bearing surfaces represents a promising approach. These coatings are to be optimally adapted to the load case by minimizing the slip and resulting wear by rolling elements. For this purpose, molybdenum-based coatings were applied by means of magnetron sputtering in a vacuum atmosphere at controlled and adjusted oxygen partial pressure on 100Cr6 axial bearing washers. The effect of diffusing oxygen at near surface areas can be achieved during the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process itself as well as under adequate loading cases, so that a regenerative separation layer prevents high tribological wear at running surfaces. The generated layers were then characterized by high-resolution analysis with regard to morphology, attachment to the substrate and stoichiometry. The adjusted process parameters yielded pure molybdenum, as well as molybdenum oxide, dioxide and trioxide as a function of corresponding oxygen partial pressure. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used for topographical evaluation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the characterization of stoichiometry and focussed ion beam cutting (FIB) for coating thickness determination. From selected surfaces, additional energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mappings were performed to quantify local oxygen contents at the border area of generated molybdenum layers. To record tribological characteristics, the layers were analyzed for their mechanical properties subsequently. Therefore, nanoindentational studies were carried out, which could provide information on the wear behavior in point contact in the form of nanoclay experiments. The results showed lower coefficients of friction for oxidized surfaces and thus a better resistance against sliding wear than uncoated specimen surfaces.Simon SchölerMaurice SchmiedingNorman HeimesFlorian PapeBernd-Arno BehrensGerhard PollKai MöhwaldJapanese Society of Tribologistsarticlemagnetron sputteringsurface analysisnano tribologyPhysicsQC1-999Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Mechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ChemistryQD1-999ENTribology Online, Vol 15, Iss 3, Pp 181-185 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	magnetron sputtering surface analysis nano tribology Physics QC1-999 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	magnetron sputtering surface analysis nano tribology Physics QC1-999 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Chemistry QD1-999 Simon Schöler Maurice Schmieding Norman Heimes Florian Pape Bernd-Arno Behrens Gerhard Poll Kai Möhwald Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
description	Energy losses and friction locking are decisive factors in the conceptual design and sustainable realization of machine elements. Thus, the improvement of the tribological properties of rolling bearings by ceramic coatings on bearing surfaces represents a promising approach. These coatings are to be optimally adapted to the load case by minimizing the slip and resulting wear by rolling elements. For this purpose, molybdenum-based coatings were applied by means of magnetron sputtering in a vacuum atmosphere at controlled and adjusted oxygen partial pressure on 100Cr6 axial bearing washers. The effect of diffusing oxygen at near surface areas can be achieved during the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process itself as well as under adequate loading cases, so that a regenerative separation layer prevents high tribological wear at running surfaces. The generated layers were then characterized by high-resolution analysis with regard to morphology, attachment to the substrate and stoichiometry. The adjusted process parameters yielded pure molybdenum, as well as molybdenum oxide, dioxide and trioxide as a function of corresponding oxygen partial pressure. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used for topographical evaluation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the characterization of stoichiometry and focussed ion beam cutting (FIB) for coating thickness determination. From selected surfaces, additional energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mappings were performed to quantify local oxygen contents at the border area of generated molybdenum layers. To record tribological characteristics, the layers were analyzed for their mechanical properties subsequently. Therefore, nanoindentational studies were carried out, which could provide information on the wear behavior in point contact in the form of nanoclay experiments. The results showed lower coefficients of friction for oxidized surfaces and thus a better resistance against sliding wear than uncoated specimen surfaces.
format	article
author	Simon Schöler Maurice Schmieding Norman Heimes Florian Pape Bernd-Arno Behrens Gerhard Poll Kai Möhwald
author_facet	Simon Schöler Maurice Schmieding Norman Heimes Florian Pape Bernd-Arno Behrens Gerhard Poll Kai Möhwald
author_sort	Simon Schöler
title	Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
title_short	Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
title_full	Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
title_fullStr	Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
title_full_unstemmed	Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces
title_sort	characterization of molybdenum based coatings on 100cr6 bearing steel surfaces
publisher	Japanese Society of Tribologists
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/998d36f327d24899b2502559ebf9deb2
work_keys_str_mv	AT simonscholer characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT mauriceschmieding characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT normanheimes characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT florianpape characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT berndarnobehrens characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT gerhardpoll characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces AT kaimohwald characterizationofmolybdenumbasedcoatingson100cr6bearingsteelsurfaces
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Characterization of Molybdenum Based Coatings on 100Cr6 Bearing Steel Surfaces

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