Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids

Insecticides are widely employed in agriculture to control pests and as major factors for enhancing crop productivity. Thiacloprid (TH) is one of the most-used insecticides worldwide. In this study, the negative impact of TH on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and the modulatory...

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Autores principales:	Mayada R. Farag, Samah R. Khalil, Asmaa W. Zaglool, Basma M. Hendam, Amr A. Moustafa, Raffaella Cocco, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Mahmoud Alagawany
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chicken embryos thiacloprid chicoric acid rosmarinic acid developmental neurotoxicity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/99a360f7fd0a4fa9a36bed1d02b828b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:99a360f7fd0a4fa9a36bed1d02b828b72021-11-25T16:47:00ZThiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids10.3390/biology101111002079-7737https://doaj.org/article/99a360f7fd0a4fa9a36bed1d02b828b72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1100https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737Insecticides are widely employed in agriculture to control pests and as major factors for enhancing crop productivity. Thiacloprid (TH) is one of the most-used insecticides worldwide. In this study, the negative impact of TH on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and the modulatory effect of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids were investigated. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (<i>p</i> < 0.05). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde content, and DNA damage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1 beta) and stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both biochemical and molecular levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates including human. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic property of CA and RA against TH toxicity.Mayada R. FaragSamah R. KhalilAsmaa W. ZagloolBasma M. HendamAmr A. MoustafaRaffaella CoccoAlessandro Di CerboMahmoud AlagawanyMDPI AGarticlechicken embryosthiaclopridchicoric acidrosmarinic aciddevelopmental neurotoxicityBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1100, p 1100 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chicken embryos thiacloprid chicoric acid rosmarinic acid developmental neurotoxicity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	chicken embryos thiacloprid chicoric acid rosmarinic acid developmental neurotoxicity Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mayada R. Farag Samah R. Khalil Asmaa W. Zaglool Basma M. Hendam Amr A. Moustafa Raffaella Cocco Alessandro Di Cerbo Mahmoud Alagawany Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
description	Insecticides are widely employed in agriculture to control pests and as major factors for enhancing crop productivity. Thiacloprid (TH) is one of the most-used insecticides worldwide. In this study, the negative impact of TH on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and the modulatory effect of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids were investigated. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (<i>p</i> < 0.05). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde content, and DNA damage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1 beta) and stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both biochemical and molecular levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates including human. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic property of CA and RA against TH toxicity.
format	article
author	Mayada R. Farag Samah R. Khalil Asmaa W. Zaglool Basma M. Hendam Amr A. Moustafa Raffaella Cocco Alessandro Di Cerbo Mahmoud Alagawany
author_facet	Mayada R. Farag Samah R. Khalil Asmaa W. Zaglool Basma M. Hendam Amr A. Moustafa Raffaella Cocco Alessandro Di Cerbo Mahmoud Alagawany
author_sort	Mayada R. Farag
title	Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
title_short	Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
title_full	Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
title_fullStr	Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
title_full_unstemmed	Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids
title_sort	thiacloprid induced developmental neurotoxicity via ros-oxidative injury and inflammation in chicken embryo: the possible attenuating role of chicoric and rosmarinic acids
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/99a360f7fd0a4fa9a36bed1d02b828b7
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Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids

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