Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities

Traffic-related facilities typically have much lower metal emissions than other sources; however, they can be numerous and widespread as well. Subdividing pollution sources is necessary to assess soil contamination characteristics and identify sources according to the contamination cause. Anthropoge...

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Autores principales:	Hong-gil Lee, Yoon Joo Byun, Young-Woo Chun, Hoe-Jung Noh, Dong-Jin Kim, Hyun-Koo Kim, Ji-In Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	metal contamination anthropogenic contamination urban traffic heavy metal Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/99ade598cd0e4fc0a988b8a142faf6ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:99ade598cd0e4fc0a988b8a142faf6ea2021-11-25T19:08:01ZIdentification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities10.3390/toxics91102782305-6304https://doaj.org/article/99ade598cd0e4fc0a988b8a142faf6ea2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/278https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304Traffic-related facilities typically have much lower metal emissions than other sources; however, they can be numerous and widespread as well. Subdividing pollution sources is necessary to assess soil contamination characteristics and identify sources according to the contamination cause. Anthropogenic contamination by metals was quantitatively determined using contamination factor (Cf) and evaluated using multivariate analysis. More than half of the concentrations for Zn, Pb, and Cu in soils were higher than that in the natural background (NB). Cf of metals was, in decreasing order, Zn > Pb = Cu > Ni = As. Zn, Pb, and Cu were identified as anthropogenic contaminants in correlation analysis. Principal component analysis showed that the two main contamination causes were coarse particles from the maintenance or crushing activities of vehicles and nonexhaust/exhaust emissions. Clusters were classified according to those two anthropogenic and lithogenic causes and included Group I (Zn, Pb, and Cu in garages, auto repair shops, and auto salvage yards), Group II (Zn, Pb, and Cu in parking lots, driving schools, and roadsides), and Group III (As and Ni with high lithogenic properties). Anthropogenic input and sources of soil contamination by metals in traffic-related facilities were appropriately estimated through the combination of Cf and multivariate analysis.Hong-gil LeeYoon Joo ByunYoung-Woo ChunHoe-Jung NohDong-Jin KimHyun-Koo KimJi-In KimMDPI AGarticlemetal contaminationanthropogenic contaminationurban trafficheavy metalChemical technologyTP1-1185ENToxics, Vol 9, Iss 278, p 278 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	metal contamination anthropogenic contamination urban traffic heavy metal Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	metal contamination anthropogenic contamination urban traffic heavy metal Chemical technology TP1-1185 Hong-gil Lee Yoon Joo Byun Young-Woo Chun Hoe-Jung Noh Dong-Jin Kim Hyun-Koo Kim Ji-In Kim Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
description	Traffic-related facilities typically have much lower metal emissions than other sources; however, they can be numerous and widespread as well. Subdividing pollution sources is necessary to assess soil contamination characteristics and identify sources according to the contamination cause. Anthropogenic contamination by metals was quantitatively determined using contamination factor (Cf) and evaluated using multivariate analysis. More than half of the concentrations for Zn, Pb, and Cu in soils were higher than that in the natural background (NB). Cf of metals was, in decreasing order, Zn > Pb = Cu > Ni = As. Zn, Pb, and Cu were identified as anthropogenic contaminants in correlation analysis. Principal component analysis showed that the two main contamination causes were coarse particles from the maintenance or crushing activities of vehicles and nonexhaust/exhaust emissions. Clusters were classified according to those two anthropogenic and lithogenic causes and included Group I (Zn, Pb, and Cu in garages, auto repair shops, and auto salvage yards), Group II (Zn, Pb, and Cu in parking lots, driving schools, and roadsides), and Group III (As and Ni with high lithogenic properties). Anthropogenic input and sources of soil contamination by metals in traffic-related facilities were appropriately estimated through the combination of Cf and multivariate analysis.
format	article
author	Hong-gil Lee Yoon Joo Byun Young-Woo Chun Hoe-Jung Noh Dong-Jin Kim Hyun-Koo Kim Ji-In Kim
author_facet	Hong-gil Lee Yoon Joo Byun Young-Woo Chun Hoe-Jung Noh Dong-Jin Kim Hyun-Koo Kim Ji-In Kim
author_sort	Hong-gil Lee
title	Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
title_short	Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
title_full	Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
title_fullStr	Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities
title_sort	identification of metal contamination sources and evaluation of the anthropogenic effects in soils near traffic-related facilities
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/99ade598cd0e4fc0a988b8a142faf6ea
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Identification of Metal Contamination Sources and Evaluation of the Anthropogenic Effects in Soils near Traffic-Related Facilities

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