Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments

Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) are γ-herpesviruses that belong to the <i>Herpesviridae</i> family. EBV infections are linked to the onset and progression of several diseases, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and l...

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Autor principal:	Marisa Granato
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Epstein–Barr EBV Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) nanoparticles (NPs) virus like-particles VLPs Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/99e6dc6811cd4a15bf3938e938d0fec7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:99e6dc6811cd4a15bf3938e938d0fec72021-11-11T16:52:53ZNanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments10.3390/ijms2221114071422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/99e6dc6811cd4a15bf3938e938d0fec72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11407https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) are γ-herpesviruses that belong to the <i>Herpesviridae</i> family. EBV infections are linked to the onset and progression of several diseases, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and lymphoproliferative malignancies arising in post-transplanted patients (PTDLs). KSHV, an etiologic agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), displays primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). Many therapeutics, such as bortezomib, CHOP cocktail medications, and natural compounds (e.g., quercetin or curcumin), are administrated to patients affected by γ-herpesvirus infections. These drugs induce apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting the proliferative and cell cycle progression in these malignancies. In the last decade, many studies conducted by scientists and clinicians have indicated that nanotechnology and nanomedicine could improve the outcome of several treatments in γ-herpesvirus-associated diseases. Some drugs are entrapped in nanoparticles (NPs) expressed on the surface area of polyethylene glycol (PEG). These NPs move to specific tissues and exert their properties, releasing therapeutics in the cell target. To treat EBV- and KSHV-associated diseases, many studies have been performed in vivo and in vitro using virus-like particles (VPLs) engineered to maximize antigen and epitope presentations during immune response. NPs are designed to improve therapeutic delivery, avoiding dissolving the drugs in toxic solvents. They reduce the dose-limiting toxicity and reach specific tissue areas. Several attempts are ongoing to synthesize and produce EBV vaccines using nanosystems.Marisa GranatoMDPI AGarticleEpstein–BarrEBVKaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV)nanoparticles (NPs)virus like-particlesVLPsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11407, p 11407 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Epstein–Barr EBV Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) nanoparticles (NPs) virus like-particles VLPs Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	Epstein–Barr EBV Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) nanoparticles (NPs) virus like-particles VLPs Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Marisa Granato Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
description	Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV) are γ-herpesviruses that belong to the <i>Herpesviridae</i> family. EBV infections are linked to the onset and progression of several diseases, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and lymphoproliferative malignancies arising in post-transplanted patients (PTDLs). KSHV, an etiologic agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), displays primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). Many therapeutics, such as bortezomib, CHOP cocktail medications, and natural compounds (e.g., quercetin or curcumin), are administrated to patients affected by γ-herpesvirus infections. These drugs induce apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting the proliferative and cell cycle progression in these malignancies. In the last decade, many studies conducted by scientists and clinicians have indicated that nanotechnology and nanomedicine could improve the outcome of several treatments in γ-herpesvirus-associated diseases. Some drugs are entrapped in nanoparticles (NPs) expressed on the surface area of polyethylene glycol (PEG). These NPs move to specific tissues and exert their properties, releasing therapeutics in the cell target. To treat EBV- and KSHV-associated diseases, many studies have been performed in vivo and in vitro using virus-like particles (VPLs) engineered to maximize antigen and epitope presentations during immune response. NPs are designed to improve therapeutic delivery, avoiding dissolving the drugs in toxic solvents. They reduce the dose-limiting toxicity and reach specific tissue areas. Several attempts are ongoing to synthesize and produce EBV vaccines using nanosystems.
format	article
author	Marisa Granato
author_facet	Marisa Granato
author_sort	Marisa Granato
title	Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
title_short	Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
title_full	Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
title_fullStr	Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
title_full_unstemmed	Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments
title_sort	nanotechnology frontiers in γ-herpesviruses treatments
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/99e6dc6811cd4a15bf3938e938d0fec7
work_keys_str_mv	AT marisagranato nanotechnologyfrontiersingherpesvirusestreatments
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Nanotechnology Frontiers in γ-Herpesviruses Treatments

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