Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers

This paper investigated the effects of petroleum-based oils (PBOs) as a dispersing aid on the physicochemical characteristics of natural rubber (NR)-based magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). The addition of PBOs was expected to overcome the low performance of magnetorheological (MR) elastomers due...

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Autores principales:	Norizatie Muhammad Zaki, Nurul Azhani Yunus, Muhamad Shakir Yusoff, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz, Nor Aziyatul Izni, Irfan Bahiuddin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	magnetorheological elastomers petroleum-based oil dispersing aids natural rubber physicochemical characteristics Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a02e5cad14c4c6690c722ab2ccc4368
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a02e5cad14c4c6690c722ab2ccc43682021-11-25T18:15:47ZEffects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers10.3390/ma142270261996-1944https://doaj.org/article/9a02e5cad14c4c6690c722ab2ccc43682021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/7026https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944This paper investigated the effects of petroleum-based oils (PBOs) as a dispersing aid on the physicochemical characteristics of natural rubber (NR)-based magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). The addition of PBOs was expected to overcome the low performance of magnetorheological (MR) elastomers due to their inhomogeneous dispersion and the mobility of magnetic particles within the elastomer matrix. The NR-based MREs were firstly fabricated by mixing the NR compounds homogeneously with different ratios of naphthenic oil (NO), light mineral oil (LMO), and paraffin oil (PO) to aromatic oil (AO), with weight percentage ratios of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively. From the obtained results, the ratios of NO mixed with low amounts of AO improved the material physicochemical characteristics, such as thermal properties. Meanwhile, LMO mixed the AO led to the best results for curing characteristics, microstructure observation, and magnetic properties of the MREs. We found that the LMO mixed with a high content of AO could provide good compatibility between the rubber molecular and magnetic particles due to similar chemical structures, which apparently enhance the physicochemical characteristics of MREs. In conclusion, the 30:70 ratio of LMO:AO is considered the preferable dispersing aid for MREs due to structural compounds present in the oil that enhance the physicochemical characteristics of the NR-based MREs.Norizatie Muhammad ZakiNurul Azhani YunusMuhamad Shakir YusoffSaiful Amri MazlanSiti Aishah Abdul AzizNor Aziyatul IzniIrfan BahiuddinMDPI AGarticlemagnetorheological elastomerspetroleum-based oildispersing aidsnatural rubberphysicochemical characteristicsTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 7026, p 7026 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	magnetorheological elastomers petroleum-based oil dispersing aids natural rubber physicochemical characteristics Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	magnetorheological elastomers petroleum-based oil dispersing aids natural rubber physicochemical characteristics Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Norizatie Muhammad Zaki Nurul Azhani Yunus Muhamad Shakir Yusoff Saiful Amri Mazlan Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz Nor Aziyatul Izni Irfan Bahiuddin Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
description	This paper investigated the effects of petroleum-based oils (PBOs) as a dispersing aid on the physicochemical characteristics of natural rubber (NR)-based magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). The addition of PBOs was expected to overcome the low performance of magnetorheological (MR) elastomers due to their inhomogeneous dispersion and the mobility of magnetic particles within the elastomer matrix. The NR-based MREs were firstly fabricated by mixing the NR compounds homogeneously with different ratios of naphthenic oil (NO), light mineral oil (LMO), and paraffin oil (PO) to aromatic oil (AO), with weight percentage ratios of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively. From the obtained results, the ratios of NO mixed with low amounts of AO improved the material physicochemical characteristics, such as thermal properties. Meanwhile, LMO mixed the AO led to the best results for curing characteristics, microstructure observation, and magnetic properties of the MREs. We found that the LMO mixed with a high content of AO could provide good compatibility between the rubber molecular and magnetic particles due to similar chemical structures, which apparently enhance the physicochemical characteristics of MREs. In conclusion, the 30:70 ratio of LMO:AO is considered the preferable dispersing aid for MREs due to structural compounds present in the oil that enhance the physicochemical characteristics of the NR-based MREs.
format	article
author	Norizatie Muhammad Zaki Nurul Azhani Yunus Muhamad Shakir Yusoff Saiful Amri Mazlan Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz Nor Aziyatul Izni Irfan Bahiuddin
author_facet	Norizatie Muhammad Zaki Nurul Azhani Yunus Muhamad Shakir Yusoff Saiful Amri Mazlan Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz Nor Aziyatul Izni Irfan Bahiuddin
author_sort	Norizatie Muhammad Zaki
title	Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
title_short	Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
title_full	Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
title_fullStr	Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers
title_sort	effects of petroleum-based oils as dispersing aids on physicochemical characteristics of magnetorheological elastomers
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a02e5cad14c4c6690c722ab2ccc4368
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Effects of Petroleum-Based Oils as Dispersing Aids on Physicochemical Characteristics of Magnetorheological Elastomers

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