Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice

ABSTRACT Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent toxin that is produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains and is classified as a category B select agent. We have previously shown that monoclonal antibody (MAb) 20B1, a murine anti-SEB IgG1, successfully treats SEB-induced lethal shock (SEBILS)...

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Autores principales:	Avanish K. Varshney, Xiaobo Wang, Jorge L. Aguilar, Matthew D. Scharff, Bettina C. Fries
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2014
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a1c1236fdbd4c7db1e1affd15b352e6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a1c1236fdbd4c7db1e1affd15b352e62021-11-15T15:47:38ZIsotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice10.1128/mBio.01007-142150-7511https://doaj.org/article/9a1c1236fdbd4c7db1e1affd15b352e62014-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01007-14https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent toxin that is produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains and is classified as a category B select agent. We have previously shown that monoclonal antibody (MAb) 20B1, a murine anti-SEB IgG1, successfully treats SEB-induced lethal shock (SEBILS) and bacteremia that is caused by SEB-producing S. aureus. In this study, we have generated two isotype switch variants of the original IgG1 MAb 20B1, an IgG2a and IgG2b, both bearing the same variable region sequence, and compared their neutralizing and protective activity in in vitro and in vivo assays, respectively. All 3 isotypes demonstrated comparable affinity to SEB and comparable 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) in T cell proliferation assays. In vivo, however, the IgG2a isotype variant of 20B1 exhibited significantly greater protection than IgG1 or IgG2b in murine SEB intoxication and S. aureus sepsis models. Protection was associated with downmodulation of inflammatory host response. Our data demonstrate that changing the isotype of already protective MAbs, without affecting their antigen specificity or sensitivity, can result in an enhancement of their protective ability. Isotype selection, therefore, should be carefully considered in the development of toxin-neutralizing MAbs and the design of antibody therapeutics. IMPORTANCE The purpose of this study was to enhance the protective efficacy of an existing, protective monoclonal antibody against staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Using two in vivo mouse models, our study demonstrates that the protective efficacy of a monoclonal antibody may be improved by inducing an isotype switch at the Fc region of an antibody, without altering the antigen specificity or sensitivity of the antibody. The development of therapeutic MAbs with higher efficacy may allow for the achievement of equal therapeutic benefit with a lower dosage. In turn, the use of lower doses may reduce the cost of these therapies, while reducing the potential for adverse side effects.Avanish K. VarshneyXiaobo WangJorge L. AguilarMatthew D. ScharffBettina C. FriesAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 5, Iss 3 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Avanish K. Varshney Xiaobo Wang Jorge L. Aguilar Matthew D. Scharff Bettina C. Fries Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
description	ABSTRACT Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent toxin that is produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains and is classified as a category B select agent. We have previously shown that monoclonal antibody (MAb) 20B1, a murine anti-SEB IgG1, successfully treats SEB-induced lethal shock (SEBILS) and bacteremia that is caused by SEB-producing S. aureus. In this study, we have generated two isotype switch variants of the original IgG1 MAb 20B1, an IgG2a and IgG2b, both bearing the same variable region sequence, and compared their neutralizing and protective activity in in vitro and in vivo assays, respectively. All 3 isotypes demonstrated comparable affinity to SEB and comparable 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) in T cell proliferation assays. In vivo, however, the IgG2a isotype variant of 20B1 exhibited significantly greater protection than IgG1 or IgG2b in murine SEB intoxication and S. aureus sepsis models. Protection was associated with downmodulation of inflammatory host response. Our data demonstrate that changing the isotype of already protective MAbs, without affecting their antigen specificity or sensitivity, can result in an enhancement of their protective ability. Isotype selection, therefore, should be carefully considered in the development of toxin-neutralizing MAbs and the design of antibody therapeutics. IMPORTANCE The purpose of this study was to enhance the protective efficacy of an existing, protective monoclonal antibody against staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Using two in vivo mouse models, our study demonstrates that the protective efficacy of a monoclonal antibody may be improved by inducing an isotype switch at the Fc region of an antibody, without altering the antigen specificity or sensitivity of the antibody. The development of therapeutic MAbs with higher efficacy may allow for the achievement of equal therapeutic benefit with a lower dosage. In turn, the use of lower doses may reduce the cost of these therapies, while reducing the potential for adverse side effects.
format	article
author	Avanish K. Varshney Xiaobo Wang Jorge L. Aguilar Matthew D. Scharff Bettina C. Fries
author_facet	Avanish K. Varshney Xiaobo Wang Jorge L. Aguilar Matthew D. Scharff Bettina C. Fries
author_sort	Avanish K. Varshney
title	Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
title_short	Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
title_full	Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
title_fullStr	Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice
title_sort	isotype switching increases efficacy of antibody protection against staphylococcal enterotoxin b-induced lethal shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">staphylococcus aureus</named-content> sepsis in mice
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a1c1236fdbd4c7db1e1affd15b352e6
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Isotype Switching Increases Efficacy of Antibody Protection against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Lethal Shock and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</named-content> Sepsis in Mice

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