Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding

Abstract Background Urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (UCR) is a marker for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in people. Objectives To assess the usefulness of UCR to predict occult GIB and distinguish upper from lower GIB in dogs. Animals Eighty‐nine dogs with GIB and 65 clinically healthy dogs. D...

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Autores principales:	Jenny Stiller, Alice M. Defarges, Brigitte A. Brisson, Alexa M. E. Bersenas, Jill S. Pomrantz, Brittany Lang, David L. Pearl
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	anemia BUN creatinine ratio canine gastroenterology hemorrhage video capsule endoscopy Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a2ef345f89f4d4c82057c8c0e4de7dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a2ef345f89f4d4c82057c8c0e4de7dd2021-11-30T17:01:04ZDiagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding1939-16760891-664010.1111/jvim.16101https://doaj.org/article/9a2ef345f89f4d4c82057c8c0e4de7dd2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16101https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Abstract Background Urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (UCR) is a marker for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in people. Objectives To assess the usefulness of UCR to predict occult GIB and distinguish upper from lower GIB in dogs. Animals Eighty‐nine dogs with GIB and 65 clinically healthy dogs. Dogs were grouped according to 65 overt GIB and 24 occult GIB, and based on lesion localization (37 upper, 13 lower, and 8 both). Methods Seventy‐four dogs were included retrospectively and 15 dogs prospectively. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, UCR, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were compared between groups. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess if variables could distinguish occult GIB from being healthy and upper from lower GIB. Results The UCR was significantly higher in dogs with overt GIB compared to control dogs (P = .02) and dogs with occult GIB (P = .05). The UCR was not significantly associated with occult GIB vs being healthy, or upper vs lower GIB (P > .05 each). Dogs with higher hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit had significantly lower odds of having occult GIB than being healthy (P < .0001 each). Conclusions and Clinical Importance The UCR does not seem to be a clinically useful marker of occult GIB and appears to have poor discriminatory ability between upper and lower GIB. An increased UCR in a dog without signs of overt GIB, especially if its hematocrit is within the middle or upper reference interval, does not appear to warrant prompt prescription of gastrointestinal protectants.Jenny StillerAlice M. DefargesBrigitte A. BrissonAlexa M. E. BersenasJill S. PomrantzBrittany LangDavid L. PearlWileyarticleanemiaBUN creatinine ratiocaninegastroenterologyhemorrhagevideo capsule endoscopyVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 1427-1438 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	anemia BUN creatinine ratio canine gastroenterology hemorrhage video capsule endoscopy Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	anemia BUN creatinine ratio canine gastroenterology hemorrhage video capsule endoscopy Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Jenny Stiller Alice M. Defarges Brigitte A. Brisson Alexa M. E. Bersenas Jill S. Pomrantz Brittany Lang David L. Pearl Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
description	Abstract Background Urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (UCR) is a marker for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in people. Objectives To assess the usefulness of UCR to predict occult GIB and distinguish upper from lower GIB in dogs. Animals Eighty‐nine dogs with GIB and 65 clinically healthy dogs. Dogs were grouped according to 65 overt GIB and 24 occult GIB, and based on lesion localization (37 upper, 13 lower, and 8 both). Methods Seventy‐four dogs were included retrospectively and 15 dogs prospectively. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, UCR, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were compared between groups. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess if variables could distinguish occult GIB from being healthy and upper from lower GIB. Results The UCR was significantly higher in dogs with overt GIB compared to control dogs (P = .02) and dogs with occult GIB (P = .05). The UCR was not significantly associated with occult GIB vs being healthy, or upper vs lower GIB (P > .05 each). Dogs with higher hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit had significantly lower odds of having occult GIB than being healthy (P < .0001 each). Conclusions and Clinical Importance The UCR does not seem to be a clinically useful marker of occult GIB and appears to have poor discriminatory ability between upper and lower GIB. An increased UCR in a dog without signs of overt GIB, especially if its hematocrit is within the middle or upper reference interval, does not appear to warrant prompt prescription of gastrointestinal protectants.
format	article
author	Jenny Stiller Alice M. Defarges Brigitte A. Brisson Alexa M. E. Bersenas Jill S. Pomrantz Brittany Lang David L. Pearl
author_facet	Jenny Stiller Alice M. Defarges Brigitte A. Brisson Alexa M. E. Bersenas Jill S. Pomrantz Brittany Lang David L. Pearl
author_sort	Jenny Stiller
title	Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
title_short	Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
title_full	Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
title_fullStr	Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
title_full_unstemmed	Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
title_sort	diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a2ef345f89f4d4c82057c8c0e4de7dd
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Diagnostic evaluation of urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio in dogs with gastrointestinal bleeding

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